Deteksi Biofilm pada Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae merupakan bakteri oportunistik yang mampu membentuk biofilm sehingga berkontribusi terhadap persistensi infeksi serta peningkatan resistansi antimikroba. Penelitan ini bertujuan medeteksi biofilm dan menkategorikan tingkat pembentukan biofilm pada Klebsiella pneumoniae. Sebanyak lima isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae yang berasal dari kucing dan kuda didentifikasi dengan media MacConkey Agar dan pewarnaan Gram. Kemampuan pembentukan biofilm diamati secara kualitatif menggunakan media CRA dan dikonfirmasi secara semi-kuantitatif menggunakan metode crystal violet assay melalui pengukuran nilai Optical Density (OD) dengan ELISA reader pada panjang gelombang 520 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae mampu membentuk biofilm yang ditunjukkan hasil uji menggunakan media CRA dan crystal violet assay. Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan pembentukan biofilm antar isolat. Isolat KP10 menunjukkan kemampuan pembentukan biofilm tertinggi dengan kategori biofilm kuat, KP2 dan KP11 termasuk kategori biofilm sedang, sedangkan KP1 dan KP14 termasuk kategori biofilm lemah. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah seluruh isolat Klebsiella pneumoniae yang diuji mampu membentuk biofilm. Kategori tingkat pembentukan biofilm mulai dari lemah hingga kuat.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic bacteria capable of forming biofilms, which contributes to persistent infections and increased antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to detect biofilm formation and categorize the biofilm forming abilities of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Five Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates obtained from cats and horses were identified using MacConkey Agar and Gram staining. Biofilm formation was qualitatively evaluated using Congo Red agar (CRA) and confirmed semi-quantitatively using the crystal violet assay by measuring Optical Density (OD) values with an ELISA microplate reader at a wavelength of 520 nm. The results showed that all Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were capable of forming biofilms as demonstrated by the CRA and crystal violet assay methods. Differences in biofilm forming ability were observed among the isolates. Isolate KP10 exhibited the highest biofilm forming ability and was categorized as a strong biofilm producer, KP2 and KP11 were categorized as moderate biofilm producers, whereas KP1 and KP14 were categorized as weak biofilm producers. In conclusion, all tested Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were capable of forming biofilms, with biofilm formation categories ranging from weak to strong.