Observasi Status Kandungan Hara Kelapa Sawit terhadap Pemupukan: Data Berdasarkan Leaf Sampling Unit (LSU)

Abstract

Leaf sampling unit (LSU) merupakan metode standar untuk mengevaluasi status hara tanaman kelapa sawit secara berkala melalui analisis kandungan hara daun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati status hara daun (N, P, K, Mg, B) berdasarkan data LSU periode 2023-2025, menguji pengaruh dosis pupuk terhadap perubahan kadar hara, serta membandingkan status hara antar kelompok tahun tanam (2015, 2016, 2017) di Pemantang Estate, Kalimantan Tengah, menggunakan data sekunder dari 13 blok yang dianalisis secara deskriptif, regresi linear, korelasi Pearson, dan ANOVA satu arah (a=0,05). Hasil menunjukkan kadar K meningkat 0,118%, B meningkat 1,63 ppm, P menurun 0,010%, N relatif stabil, dan Mg berfluktuasi, sementara dosis P (p=0,6287; R²=0,022) dan Mg (p=0,8500; R²=0,003) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perubahan status hara. ANOVA menemukan perbedaan kadar K, P, dan Mg yang nyata antar kelompok tahun tanam (p<0,05). Program pemupukan K dan B tergolong berhasil secara deskriptif, namun variasi dosis P dan Mg tidak terbukti berpengaruh secara statistik, sehingga evaluasi program pemupukan P perlu dilakukan.

Leaf sampling unit (LSU) is a standard method for periodically evaluating oil palm nutrient status through leaf tissue analysis. This study observed leaf nutrient status (N, P, K, Mg, B) based on LSU data for 2023-2025, examined the effect of fertilizer dosage on nutrient status changes, and compared nutrient status among planting-year groups (2015, 2016, 2017) at Pemantang Estate, Central Kalimantan, using secondary data from 13 blocks analyzed through descriptive statistics, linear regression, Pearson correlation, and one-way ANOVA (a=0.05). Results showed K increased by 0.118%, B by 1.63 ppm, P decreased by 0.010%, N remained stable, and Mg fluctuated, while neither P dosage (p=0.6287; R²=0.022) nor Mg dosage (p=0.8500; R²=0.003) significantly affected nutrient status changes. ANOVA revealed significant differences in K, P, and Mg content among planting-year groups (p<0.05). The K and B fertilization programs were descriptively successful, whereas P and Mg dosage variation showed no statistically significant effect, indicating the need to re-evaluate the P fertilization program.