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      Pemanfaatan Spent Bleaching Earth Melalui Ekstraksi Soxhlet dengan Pelarut N-Heksan Menjadi Biodiesel

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      Date
      2026
      Jenis/Type
      Tugas Akhir
      Subtype
      Undergraduate Theses
      Author
      NATALIE, PUTRI
      Jannah, Nurul
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      Abstract
      Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE), limbah B3 berkode B413 (PP No. 22/2021) hasil bleaching minyak sawit, berpotensi diolah menjadi biodiesel sebagai upaya resource recovery bagi PT SMART Tbk. Unit Marunda, penghasil 15.300 ton SBE pada 2025. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh waktu ekstraksi soxhlet (2, 4, dan 6 jam) terhadap rendemen dan karakteristik minyak SBE (R-oil), serta membandingkan biodiesel yang dihasilkan dengan SNI 7182:2015. SBE diekstraksi dengan n-heksan, R-oil pada waktu optimum diesterifikasi dengan katalis asam, lalu ditransesterifikasi dengan metanol-NaOH menjadi biodiesel. Rendemen meningkat dari 16,774% menjadi 18,358%, namun FFA turut naik dari 22,016% menjadi 23,168% pada waktu optimum (6 jam), R-oil memiliki densitas 0,919 g/cm³ dan viskositas kinematik 14,60 mm²/s, di atas syarat mutu SNI, sehingga memerlukan esterifikasi lebih dulu. Esterifikasi menurunkan FFA menjadi 0,92% (efisiensi 96,03%), dan biodiesel hasil transesterifikasi memenuhi seluruh parameter SNI 7182:2015 (FFA 0,92%, FAME 96,8%, densitas 0,878 g/cm³, viskositas 4,52 mm²/s). Hasil ini membuktikan SBE layak dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku alternatif biodiesel, mendukung ekonomi sirkular industri sawit.
       
      Spent Bleaching Earth (SBE), a hazardous waste (B3) coded B413 (Government Regulation No. 22/2021) generated from palm oil bleaching, can potentially be processed into biodiesel as a resource-recovery effort for PT SMART Tbk. Marunda Unit, which produced 15,300 tons of SBE in 2025. This study analyzed the effect of soxhlet extraction time (2, 4, and 6 hours) on the yield and characteristics of SBE oil (R-oil), and compared the resulting biodiesel with SNI 7182:2015. SBE was extracted with n-hexane; the optimum R-oil was esterified with an acid catalyst, then transesterified with methanol-NaOH into biodiesel. The yield increased from 16.77% to 18.36%, while FFA also rose from 22.016% to 23.168% at the optimum time (6 hours), the R-oil showed a density of 0.919 g/cm³ and a kinematic viscosity of 14.60 mm²/s, exceeding SNI requirements, thus requiring prior esterification. Esterification reduced the FFA to 0.92% (a 96.03% reduction efficiency), and the resulting biodiesel met all parameters of SNI 7182:2015 (FFA 0.92%, FAME 96.8%, density 0.878 g/cm³, kinematic viscosity 4.52 mm²/s). These results demonstrate that SBE is feasible as an alternative biodiesel feedstock, supporting a circular economy in the palm oil industry.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/177134
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      • UF - Environmental Engineering and Management [314]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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