KAJIAN LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT PRODUKSI INFUS DI INDUSTRI FARMASI DENGAN RUANG LINGKUP GATE-TO-GATE

Abstract

Industri farmasi memiliki konsumsi energi dan sumber daya yang tinggi sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan dampak lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak lingkungan proses produksi infus menggunakan metode Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) dengan ruang lingkup Gate-to-gate. Analisis dilakukan berdasarkan standar SNI ISO 14040 tahun 2016 dan SNI ISO 14044 tahun 2017 melalui tahapan penentuan tujuan dan ruang lingkup, inventori daur hidup, penilaian dampak, dan interpretasi menggunakan perangkat lunak OpenLCA dengan metode CML-IA. Unit fungsi yang digunakan adalah satu kantong infus steril 500 mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi listrik merupakan hotspot utama yang memberikan kontribusi terbesar terhadap seluruh kategori dampak lingkungan. Nilai dampak yang diperoleh meliputi Global Warming Potential sebesar 0,62 kg CO2 eq, Acidification 0,10 kg SO2 eq, Eutrophication 0,14 kg PO4³? eq, Ozone Depletion Potential 0,00022 kg CFC-11 eq, dan Cumulative Energy Demand 3,642 MJ. Penggantian sumber listrik berbasis batu bara menjadi tenaga air berpotensi menurunkan nilai GWP hingga 63,8%.

The pharmaceutical industry has high energy and resource consumption, which has the potential to cause environmental impacts. This study aims to analyze the environmental impacts of the infusion production process using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method with a gate-to-gate scope. The analysis was conducted based on the 2016 SNI ISO 14040 and 2017 SNI ISO 14044 standards through the stages of goal and scope definition, life cycle inventory, impact assessment, and interpretation using OpenLCA software with the CML-IA method. The functional unit used is one sterile 500 mL infusion bag. The results indicate that electricity consumption is the main hotspot contributing the most to all environmental impact categories. The obtained impact values include a Global Warming Potential of 0.62 kg CO2 eq, Acidification of 0.10 kg SO2 eq, Eutrophication of 0.14 kg PO4³? eq, Ozone Depletion Potential of 0.00022 kg CFC-11 eq, and Cumulative Energy Demand of 3.642 MJ. Replacing coal-based electricity sources with hydroelectric power has the potential to reduce the GWP value by up to 63.8%.