Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Panen Manual dan Mekanis terhadap Produktivitas, Transportasi TBS, dan Biaya Operasional di PT Indotruba Tengah

Abstract

FAJAR MUKTI WIBOWO. Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Panen Manual dan Mekanis terhadap Produktivitas, Transportasi TBS, dan Biaya Operasional di PT Indotruba Tengah. Dibimbing oleh LILI DAHLIANI.

Kelangkaan tenaga panen dan beban fisik tinggi pada sistem manual mendorong perkebunan sawit mengadopsi mekanisasi berupa badang. Penelitian ini menganalisis perbedaan produktivitas pemanen, efisiensi transportasi TBS dan biaya operasional antara sistem manual dan mekanis di Sekunyir Estate, PT Indotruba Tengah, menggunakan pendekatan komparatif kuantitatif selama 40 hari pengamatan per sistem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sistem mekanis mencapai produktivitas 3,55 ton/HK pada tujuh jam kerja efektif dan 3,91 ton/HK pada kondisi aktual, lebih tinggi 30,5% dan 33,0% dibanding sistem manual (p<0,0001). Ketepatan waktu pengiriman TBS naik dari 82,2% menjadi 97,2%, sedangkan total biaya operasional turun menjadi Rp229/kg, atau 19,4% lebih rendah dibanding sistem manual sebesar Rp284/kg. Sistem mekanis terbukti lebih unggul dari sisi produktivitas, efisiensi transportasi dan biaya operasional.

FAJAR MUKTI WIBOWO. Evaluation of the Performance of Manual and Mechanized Harvesting Systems on Productivity, Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) Transportation and Operating Costs at PT Indotruba Tengah. Supervised by LILI DAHLIANI. The shortage of harvest labor and the high physical demands of manual harvesting have prompted oil palm plantations to adopt mechanized FFB-hauling equipment known as badang (mechanical buffalo). This study analyzed differences in harvester productivity, FFB transport efficiency, and operating costs between manual and mechanized systems at Sekunyir Estate, PT Indotruba Tengah, using a quantitative comparative approach over 40 days of observation per system. The results show that the mechanized system achieved a productivity of 3.55 metric tons/man-day during seven hours of effective work and 3.91 metric tons/man-day under actual conditions-30.5% and 33.0% higher, respectively, than the manual system (p<0.0001). On-time FFB delivery increased from 82.2% to 97.2%, while total operating costs decreased to Rp229/kg-19.4% lower than the manual system's cost of Rp284/kg. The mechanized system proved superior in terms of productivity, transport efficiency, and operating costs.