Distribusi Pori dan Retensi Air Latosol Dramaga pada Variasi Penerapan Lubang Resapan Berbasis Biopori

Abstract

Penerapan lubang resapan berbasis biopori (LRB) menjadi salah satu alternatif untuk memperbaiki kualitas tanah karena dapat meningkatkan kemampuan tanah dalam meresapkan air dan mengurangi runoff. Penelitian yang bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penerapan LRB terhadap distribusi pori dan retensi air pada Latosol Dramaga telah dilakukan di petak erosi Kebun Pendidikan Cikabayan Institut Pertanian Bogor (September 2025 – Maret 2026). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan LRB selama satu kali masa panen tanaman jagung (70 hari) tidak menunjukkan pengaruh perlakuan yang nyata terhadap distribusi pori dan retensi air Latosol Dramaga. Walaupun demikian, nilai kandungan C-organik dan ruang pori total tanah pada perlakuan LRB berisi sampah pasar dengan kedalaman 50 cm (BsD1) cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Sementara itu, pori air tersedia dan kapasitas air tersedia tanah pada LRB berisi serasah jagung dengan kedalaman 50 cm (BjD1) cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya, yaitu berkisar antara 9,72% – 11,31%. LRB berisi serasah jagung dengan kedalaman 50 cm merupakan variasi penerapan LRB yang paling baik dalam memperbaiki retensi air tanah pada penelitian ini. Kapasitas air tersedia meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya kandungan C-organik dan ruang pori total, serta menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya bobot isi dan pori drainase tanah.

The implementation of biopore-based infiltration holes (LRB) serves as an alternative for improving soil quality, as it can enhance the soil's water infiltration capacity and reduce water runoff. A study aimed to analyze the effect of LRB application on pore distribution and water retention in Latosol Dramaga was conducted in the erosion plot at the Cikabayan Educational Farm, Bogor Agricultural University (September 2025 – March 2026). The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with five treatments and three replications. The results showed that the application of LRB over a single corn growing season (70 days) did not show a significant effect of the treatment on the pore distribution and water retention of Latosol Dramaga. However, the organic carbon content and total soil pore volume in the LRB treatment containing market waste at a depth of 50 cm (BsD1) tended to be higher than in the other treatments. Meanwhile, available water in the pores and available water capacity in the soil under the LRB treatment containing corn stover at a depth of 50 cm (BjD1) tended to have higher values compared to the other treatments, ranging from 9,72% – 11,31%. The LRB containing corn stover at a depth of 50 cm was the most effective application for enhancing soil water retention in this study. Available water capacity increased with rising organic carbon content and total pore space but decreased as soil bulk density and drainage porosity increased.