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      Evaluasi Stres Air Menggunakan Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) pada Dua Sistem Irigasi Otomatis

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      NAINGGOLAN, JONATHAN AMOS
      Impron
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      Abstract
      Tanaman caisim (Brassica juncea L.) memiliki sensitivitas tinggi terhadap ketersediaan air. Penggunaan sistem irigasi konvensional sering kali tidak efisien sehingga diperlukan pemantauan status air tanaman secara langsung menggunakan Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis perbedaan mikroklimat antara screenhouse dan lingkungan luar, mengevaluasi dinamika CWSI, serta membandingkan performa biomassa tanaman pada sistem irigasi sprinkler dan sub-surface. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Bubulak, Bogor, menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dibandingkan dengan lingkungan luar, kondisi mikroklimat di dalam screenhouse ditandai oleh suhu udara harian yang 1–3 °C lebih tinggi dan kelembapan relatif 15–27% lebih rendah, sehingga menghasilkan VPD rata-rata sebesar 0,68 kPa dengan nilai maksimum mencapai 1,71 kPa. Sistem irigasi sub-surface drip lebih efektif dalam memitigasi stres air tanaman dengan mempertahankan nilai CWSI pada kisaran 0,02–0,21 yang termasuk kategori stres rendah, sedangkan sistem sprinkler menunjukkan fluktuasi yang lebih tinggi (0,04–0,33). Meskipun jumlah daun tidak berbeda nyata pada akhir pengamatan, sistem sub-surface drip menghasilkan biomassa yang secara nyata lebih tinggi, dengan berat basah 1238 g/m2 dan berat kering 106 g/m2 dibandingkan sistem sprinkler dengan berat basah 1014 g/m2 dan berat kering 93 g/m2. Sistem sub-surface drip terbukti sebagai strategi terbaik untuk mengoptimalkan akumulasi biomassa melalui efisiensi penyerapan air di zona perakaran.
       
      Choy sum (Brassica juncea L.) is highly sensitive to water availability. Conventional irrigation are often inefficient, making direct monitoring of plant water status using the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) necessary. This study aimed to analyze microclimate differences between the screenhouse and the outdoor environment, evaluate CWSI dynamics, and compare plant biomass performance under sprinkler and sub-surface drip irrigation systems. The research was conducted in Bubulak, Bogor, using a split-plot design. The results showed that compared to the outdoor environment, the microclimate inside the screenhouse was characterized by air temperatures 1–3 °C higher and relative humidity 15–27% lower, resulting in a mean vapor pressure deficit (VPD) of 0.68 kPa and a maximum value of 1.71 kPa. The subsurface drip irrigation system was more effective in mitigating plant water stress by maintaining CWSI values within low-stress range of 0.02–0.21, whereas the sprinkler system exhibited greater fluctuations (0.04–0.33). Although the number of leaves did not differ significantly at the end of the experiment, the subsurface drip system produced significantly greater biomass with a fresh weight of 1238 g/m2 and dry weight of 106 g/m2 compared to the sprinkler system with a fresh weight of 1014 g/m2 and dry weight of 93 g/m2. Subsurface drip irrigation proved to be the best strategy to optimize biomass accumulation through efficient water absorption in the root zone.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/176824
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