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      Pengaruh ENSO dan IOD terhadap Kondisi Oseanografi dan Kelimpahan Relatif Southern Bluefin Tuna Skala Musiman di Samudra Hindia Timur

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Aisyi, Annisa Rahadatul
      Faqih, Akhmad
      Emiyati
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      Abstract
      Tuna Sirip Biru Selatan (Thunnus maccoyii) merupakan spesies tuna komersial bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang distribusi dan kelimpahannya sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi oseanografi Samudra Hindia Timur, yang secara dominan dimodulasi oleh fenomena iklim skala besar seperti El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dan Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan musiman antara ENSO, IOD, variabilitas oseanografi, dan kelimpahan Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) selama periode 1993-2022. Analisis EOF multivariat terhadap SST, SSH, dan klorofil-a mengidentifikasi dua mode variabilitas dominan per musim. PC1 secara konsisten merepresentasikan dominasi ENSO terhadap variabilitas oseanografi pada musim DJF-MAM, dengan hubungan terkuat terjadi pada musim DJF (rONI = 0,89) dan beralih ke dominasi IOD pada musim JJA-SON, dengan hubungan terkuat terjadi pada musim SON (rDMI = -0,89). Sebaliknya, PC2 mencerminkan variabilitas oseanografi yang secara statistik independen dari kedua variabilitas iklim tersebut. CPUE SBT tidak menunjukkan korelasi signifikan dengan ENSO maupun IOD di seluruh musim. Namun, CPUE menunjukkan korelasi signifikan dengan SST dan SSH di zona penangkapan subtropis selatan (25°-37°LS) pada musim SON. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa kelimpahan SBT lebih dipengaruhi oleh dinamika oseanografi habitat lokal dibandingkan dengan variabilitas iklim global secara langsung.
       
      Southern Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus maccoyii) is a commercially valuable tuna species whose distribution and abundance are strongly influenced by the oceanographic conditions of the Eastern Indian Ocean, which are predominantly modulated by large-scale climate phenomena such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). This study analyzes the seasonal relationships between ENSO, IOD, oceanographic variability, and Southern Bluefin Tuna (SBT) abundance during the period 1993-2022. Multivariate EOF analysis of SST, SSH, and chlorophyll-a identified two dominant seasonal modes of variability. PC1 consistently represents the dominance of ENSO over oceanographic variability during DJF-MAM, with the strongest relationship occurring during DJF (rONI = 0.89), and shifts to IOD dominance during JJA-SON, with the strongest relationship occurring during SON (rDMI = -0.89). In contrast, PC2 reflects oceanographic variability that is statistically independent of both climate variabilities. CPUE did not show a significant correlation with either ENSO or IOD across all seasons. However, CPUE showed significant correlation with SST and SSH in the southern subtropical fishing zone (25°-37°S) during SON. These findings indicate that SBT abundance is more influenced by local habitat oceanographic dynamics than by global climate variability directly.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/176446
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      • UF - Geophysics and Meteorology [1818]

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      Copyright © 2020 Library of IPB University
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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