Pengaruh Aplikasi Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) dan Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.).

Abstract

ABU DZAR ARRIVALI. Pengaruh Aplikasi Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) dan Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kopi Arabika (Coffea arabica L.). Dibimbing oleh AIDIL AZHAR. Fase pembibitan Coffea arabica L. rentan terhadap hambatan pertumbuhan akibat kualitas media tanam yang kurang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh biochar sekam padi (0% dan 10% v/v) dan Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF; 0; 2,5; dan 5,0 g pot?¹) beserta interaksinya terhadap pertumbuhan bibit. Percobaan faktorial 2×3 dalam RAK dengan 14 ulangan selama satu bulan di rumah kaca. Biochar 10% menekan tinggi tanaman, dimensi daun, serta volume, panjang, luas permukaan, dan bobot kering akar; sebaliknya, kandungan klorofil relatif daun meningkat pada minggu ke-3. AMF 5,0 g pot?¹ meningkatkan diameter akar secara nyata, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap biomassa dan efisiensi fotosistem II pada kondisi pengairan optimal. Interaksi biochar × AMF tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter morfologi maupun arsitektur akar. Dosis biochar 10% tidak direkomendasikan pada fase pembibitan; AMF 5,0 g pot?¹ berpotensi memperkuat arsitektur akar bibit kopi arabika.

ABU DZAR ARRIVALI. Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and Biochar Application on the Growth of Arabica Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Seedlings. Supervised by AIDIL AZHAR. Coffea arabica L. seedlings are susceptible to growth limitations arising from suboptimal nursery medium quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of rice-husk biochar (0% and 10% v/v) and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF; 0, 2.5, and 5.0 g pot?¹), and their interaction, on seedling growth. A 2×3 factorial experiment was arranged in a CRD with 14 replications over one month in a greenhouse. Biochar at 10% suppressed plant height, leaf dimensions, and root volume, length, surface area, and dry weight; conversely, leaf relative chlorophyll content increased at week 3. AMF at 5.0 g pot?¹ significantly increased root diameter but had no significant effect on biomass or photosystem II efficiency under optimal irrigation. The biochar × AMF interaction had no significant effect on morphological or root architectural parameters. A biochar dose of 10% is not recommended at the nursery stage; AMF at 5.0 g pot?¹ shows potential for strengthening root architecture in arabica coffee seedlings.