Rekayasa Teknis Penempatan dan Jumlah Sirkulasi Udara Berbasis Kenyamanan Termal di Area Produksi Atap Metal

Abstract

Kondisi termal ruang produksi industri metal cenderung tidak nyaman akibat paparan panas mesin, radiasi matahari, dan minimnya sirkulasi udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi eksisting area produksi, menentukan kebutuhan jumlah sistem sirkulasi udara, serta menentukan penempatan ventilasi yang sesuai. Metode penelitian meliputi pengukuran parameter termal, survei kuesioner, analisis Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD), dan Thermal Humidity Index (THI), serta perhitungan kebutuhan ventilasi mengacu SNI 03-6572-2001. Hasil menunjukkan kondisi eksisting belum memenuhi standar, dengan ACH 3,7 kali/jam, PMV +1,7 hingga +2,1, dan PPD 62,6%-80,6%. Rekayasa ventilasi yang direkomendasikan berupa penambahan 96 unit louver horizontal dan unit turbin ventilator berdiameter 90 cm, ditempatkan sesuai arah angin dominan dan sebaran titik kerja pekerja, untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan termal di area produksi.

Thermal conditions in metal industry production rooms tend to be uncomfortable due to heat exposure from machinery, solar radiation, and insufficient air circulation. This study aimed to determine the existing conditions of the production area, determine the required quantity of air circulation systems, and determine appropriate ventilation placement. The research method included measurement of thermal parameters, questionnaire surveys, analysis of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV), Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD), and Thermal Humidity Index (THI), as well as ventilation requirement calculations referring to SNI 03-6572-2001. The results showed that the existing conditions did not meet the standard, with an ACH of 3.7 times/hour, PMV of +1.7 to +2.1, and PPD of 62.6%-80.6%. The recommended ventilation engineering consists of adding 96 units of horizontal louvers and turbine ventilator units with a diameter of 90 cm, positioned according to the dominant wind direction and the distribution of workers' activity points, to improve thermal comfort in the production area