Aplikasi Pupuk Daun Urin Sapi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Pakcoy pada Sistem Hidroponik Deep Flow Technique

Abstract

Penurunan produksi pakcoy di Provinsi Riau yang tidak sejalan dengan meningkatnya permintaan di Kabupaten Pelalawan memerlukan produksi yang optimal. Salah satu solusi adalah budidaya hidroponik Deep Flow Technique (DFT) dengan pemupukan ramah lingkungan menggunakan pupuk daun urin sapi yang dikombinasikan dengan nutrisi AB Mix. Penelitian tersebut bertujuan menentukan konsentrasi pupuk daun urin sapi terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil pakcoy. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktor tunggal dengan empat perlakuan, yaitu P1 (kontrol), P2 (100 ml/l), P3 (200 ml/l), dan P4 (300 ml/l) dengan masing-masing tiga ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan uji Tukey HSD 5%. Variabel yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, panjang akar, biomassa, bobot segar tajuk, dan bobot kering tajuk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk daun urin sapi berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh variabel yang diamati, kecuali biomassa. Aplikasi perlakuan P3 (200 ml/l) memberikan hasil rerata tertinggi dibandingkan P2 dan P4, sekaligus berbeda nyata terhadap P1 pada variabel tinggi tanaman (4 dan 5 MSS), diameter batang (4 dan 5 MSS), jumlah daun (5 MSS), panjang akar, dan bobot segar dan kering tajuk, namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan biomassa.

The decline in pakcoy production in Riau Province, which is not proportional to the increasing demand in Pelalawan Regency, requires an optimal production system. One potential solution is the use of hydroponic Deep Flow Technique (DFT) combined with environmentally friendly fertilization using cow urine foliar fertilizer integrated with AB mix nutrients. This study aimed to determine the optimal concentration of cow urine foliar fertilizer for enhancing the growth and yield of pakcoy. The experiment employed a single-factor Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments: P1 (control), P2 (100 ml/l), P3 (200 ml/l), and P4 (300 ml/l), each replicated three times. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD test at a 5% significance level. The observed variables included plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, root length, biomass, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight. The results showed that foliar fertilizer derived from cow urine had a significant effect on all observed variables, except biomass. The application of treatment P3 (200 ml/l) produced the highest average compared to P2 and P4, and was significantly different from P1 in plant height (4 and 5 WAS), stem diameter (4 and 5 WAS), number of leaves (5 WAS), root length, as well as shoot fresh and dry weight, but showed no significant difference in biomass.