Optimalisasi Sistem Ventilasi Berbasis Kenyamanan Termal di Area Produksi Genteng Metal dan Baja Ringan

Abstract

Kondisi termal yang kurang baik di lingkungan kerja dapat menurunkan kenyamanan dan produktivitas pekerja. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi kenyamanan termal pada area produksi. Selain itu, memodelkan ventilasi alami dan mekanis serta mengevaluasi kenyamanan termal di area produksi. Data diperoleh melalui pengukuran suhu, kelembapan relatif, kecepatan angin, kuesioner, dan simulasi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dengan perangkat lunak ANSYS Fluent Student. Kenyamanan termal dianalisis dengan metode Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) dan Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengukuran suhu berkisar 26,7°C – 35,4°C, kelembapan relatif 54,7% - 85,1%, dan kecepatan angin rata-rata yaitu 0 m/detik. Nilai PMV 2,23 – 3,13 dan nilai PPD 93% menunjukkan kondisi termal yang belum nyaman bagi pekerja. Simulasi CFD menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi sistem ventilasi dapat memperbaiki distribusi aliran udara dan menurunkan suhu. Namun, kondisi tersebut belum memenuhi standar ASHRAE 55-2023.

Poor thermal conditions in the workplace can reduce workers’ thermal comfort and productivity. This study aims to analyze thermal comfort in the production area. In addition, natural and mechanical ventilation systems were modeled to evaluate thermal comfort in the production area. Data were obtained through measurements of air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, questionnaires, and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS Fluent Student software. Thermal comfort was eveluated using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied (PPD) methods. The results showed that the measured air temperature ranged from 26,7°C – 35,4°C, relative humidity ranged 54,7% - 85,1%, and the average air velocity was 0 m/s. PMV values ranged from 2,23 – 3,13, while PPD values ranged 93% indicating poor thermal comfort for workers. CFD simulations demonstrated that the optimized ventilation system improved airflow distribution and reduced indoor air temperature. However, the resulting thermal conditions did not yet meet the requirements of ASHRAE 55-2023.