Karakteristik Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Tanah Pasca Aplikasi POME dan Cacahan Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

Abstract

TIMOTI TONDANG. Karakteristik Sifat Kimia dan Fisik Tanah Pasca Aplikasi POME dan Cacahan Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Dibimbing oleh MERRY GLORIA MELIALA. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik sifat kimia dan sifat fisik tanah pada berbagai kombinasi aplikasi palm oil mill effluent (POME) dan cacahan pelepah pada tanaman menghasilkan kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Kelapa Sawit PT Brahma Binabakti Karet Provinsi Jambi, September sampai Desember 2025. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tekstur tanah, pH, kapasitas tukar kation, bulk density, dan porositas tanah. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan setiap perlakuan terhadap kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh perlakuan memiliki tekstur tanah berpasir. Nilai pH tanah berkisar antara 5,50–6,40, kapasitas tukar kation 3,35–4,19 cmol(+)/kg, bulk density 1,39–1,45 g/cm³, dan porositas 45,41–47,81%. Perlakuan P2A2 menghasilkan pH tertinggi, P1A1 menghasilkan KTK tertinggi, sedangkan P2A0 menghasilkan bulk density terendah dan ruang pori total tertinggi. Aplikasi POME sebagai amelioran organik dan pemanfaatan cacahan pelepah sebagai biomassa perkebunan menunjukkan kecenderungan memperbaiki karakteristik kimia dan fisik tanah. Respons terbaik berbeda pada setiap parameter secara deskriptif. Kata kunci: amelioran organik, kapasitas tukar kation, ruang pori total

TIMOTI TONDANG. Chemical and Physical Soil Characteristics Following the Application of POME and Chopped Oil Palm Fronds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). Supervised by MERRY GLORIA MELIALA. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of the chemical and physical properties of the soil. Under various application combinations of palm oil mill effluent (POME) and chopped fronds in mature oil palm plantations. The research was conducted at PT Brahma Binabakti Karet Oil Palm Estate Jambi Province, September until December 2025. The observed parameters included soil texture, pH, cation exchange capacity, bulk density, and soil porosity. The data were analyzed descriptively by comparing each treatment with the control. The results showed that all treatments had sandy soil texture. Soil pH ranged from 5.50 to 6.40, catiom exchange capacity from 3.35 to 4.19 cmol(+)/kg, bulk density from 1.39 to 1.45 g/cm³, and total pore space from 45.41 to 47.81%. The P2A2 treatment produced the highest soil pH, P1A1 produced the highest CEC, while P2A0 produced the lowest bulk density and the highest total pore space. The application of POME as an organic amendment and the utilization of chopped oil palm fronds as plantation biomass tended to improve soil chemical and physical characteristics, although the best response differed among parameters based on descriptive analysis. Keywords: cation exchange capacity, organic amendment, total pore space