Evaluasi Kinerja Diagnostik Beberapa Uji Lapangan untuk Deteksi Mastitis Subklinis pada Sapi Perah

Abstract

Pengendalian penyakit mastitis pada sapi perah dapat dilakukan dengan deteksi sejak awal menggunakan alat uji lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kinerja diagnostik tiga metode uji lapangan, yaitu IPB-1 Mastitis Test, Milkchecker, dan Draminski Mastitis Detector, dalam mendeteksi mastitis subklinis pada sapi perah dengan metode Breed sebagai acuan. Sebanyak 655 sampel susu dari kuartir sapi perah di Jawa Barat diuji menggunakan keempat metode tersebut. Hasil pemeriksaan jumlah sel somatik (JSS) menunjukkan bahwa 52,74% kuartir sapi perah positif mastitis subklinis. Evaluasi kinerja diagnostik menunjukkan bahwa IPB-1 Mastitis Test memiliki performa paling konsisten dengan sensitivitas 52,02%, spesifisitas 81,55%, dan akurasi 65,95%, serta tingkat kesesuaian tertinggi terhadap jumlah sel somatik yang diuji menggunakan metode Breed (?=0,334). Milkchecker memiliki sensitivitas tertinggi (64,16%), namun spesifisitasnya rendah (53,72%), sedangkan Draminski Mastitis Detector memiliki spesifisitas sangat tinggi (99,68%), tetapi sensitivitasnya sangat rendah (1,73%), sehingga tidak optimal sebagai alat skrining tunggal. Berdasarkan kinerja diagnostik dan kesesuaian penerapan di lapangan, IPB-1 Mastitis Test dinilai sebagai metode yang paling sesuai untuk uji deteksi mastitis subklinis, sehingga program pengendalian penyakit radang ambing dapat terlaksana dengan baik di peternakan sapi perah rakyat.

Control of subclinical mastitis spread in dairy cows can be achieved through early detection using field diagnostic tests. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of three field tests, IPB-1 Mastitis Test, Milkchecker, and Draminski Mastitis Detector, for the detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows using Breed as the reference method. A total of 655 teat milk samples collected from dairy cows in West Java were examined using all four methods. The somatic cell count showed 52.74% of the dairy cow teats were positive for subclinical mastitis. Diagnostic performance evaluation revealed that the IPB-1 Mastitis Test demonstrated the most consistent performance, with a sensitivity of 52.02%, specificity of 81.55%, and accuracy of 65.95%, and the highest level of agreement with somatic cell counts determined by the Breed method (?=0.334). Milkchecker showed the highest sensitivity (64.16%) but relatively low specificity (53.72%), whereas the Draminski Mastitis Detector exhibited very high specificity (99.68%) but very low sensitivity (1.73%), making it less suitable as a standalone screening tool. Based on diagnostic performance and suitability for field application, the IPB-1 Mastitis Test was considered the most appropriate method for detection of subclinical mastitis to support effective udder inflammation control programs in smallholder dairy farms.