Pendampingan Penguatan Kelembagaan Kelompok Tani Kopi Pada Daerah Area Panas Bumi di Rantau Dedap (Kasus Kelompok Tani Hutan Gunung Patah)

Abstract

Kelembagaan kelompok tani memiliki peran strategis dalam meningkatkan kapasitas, kemandirian, dan kesejahteraan petani, khususnya pada komoditas kopi yang menjadi salah satu unggulan nasional. Namun, pada praktiknya masih banyak kelompok tani yang belum berfungsi secara optimal, termasuk Kelompok Tani Hutan Gunung Patah (KTGP) di Dusun IV Rantau Dedap, Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kondisi kelembagaan KTGP sebelum pendampingan, merumuskan strategi penguatan kelembagaan, serta menganalisis perubahan kelembagaan setelah dilakukan pendampingan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi, wawancara, kuesioner, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif naratif dengan acuan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 67 Tahun 2016 tentang Pembinaan Kelembagaan Petani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum pendampingan, kelembagaan KTGP belum berjalan optimal, ditandai dengan lemahnya fungsi organisasi, administrasi kelompok yang belum tertata, rendahnya partisipasi anggota, serta praktik budidaya kopi yang belum sesuai dengan Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). Strategi penguatan kelembagaan dilakukan melalui pendekatan partisipatif, meliputi pelatihan penguatan kelembagaan, pendampingan penyusunan dan pencatatan administrasi kelompok, serta pelatihan teknis budidaya kopi, pemupukan, dan penanaman kopi secara agroforestri. Setelah pendampingan, terjadi peningkatan pada aspek struktur organisasi, administrasi kelompok, partisipasi anggota, serta pengetahuan dan keterampilan petani. Pendampingan penguatan kelembagaan terbukti mampu mendorong terbentuknya kelompok tani yang lebih mandiri, partisipatif, dan berkelanjutan.

Kata kunci: kelompok tani, kopi, partisipatif, pendampingan, penguatan kelembagaan

Farmer group institutions play a strategic role in enhancing farmers’ capacity, independence, and welfare, particularly in the coffee sector, which is one of Indonesia’s leading commodities. However, in practice, many farmer groups have not yet functioned optimally, including the Hutan Gunung Patah Farmer Group (Kelompok Tani Hutan Gunung Patah/KTGP) in Dusun IV Rantau Dedap, South Sumatra. This study aims to identify the institutional condition of KTGP prior to assistance, formulate institutional strengthening strategies, and analyze institutional changes after the assistance program was implemented. The study employed a qualitative approach using observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation as data collection methods. Data were analyzed using a descriptive–narrative approach with reference to the Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture Number 67 of 2016 concerning Farmer Institutional Development. The results show that prior to assistance, KTGP’s institutional performance was not optimal, as indicated by weak organizational functions, poorly managed group administration, low member participation, and coffee cultivation practices that did not fully comply with Good Agricultural Practices (GAP). Institutional strengthening strategies were implemented through a participatory approach, including institutional strengthening training, assistance in preparing and recording group administration, as well as technical training on coffee cultivation, fertilization, and agroforestry-based coffee planting. After the assistance, improvements were observed in organizational structure, group administration, member participation, and farmers’ knowledge and skills. Institutional strengthening assistance has proven effective in encouraging the development of a more independent, participatory, and sustainable farmer group.

Keywords: farmer group, coffee, participatory, assistance, institutional strengthening