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      PENGARUH PGPR DAN CENDAWAN ENDOFIT TERHADAP EVAPOTRANSPIRASI DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN AIR TANAMAN ALPUKAT PADA CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Herdiansyah
      Impron
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      Abstract
      Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) dan cendawan endofit terhadap evapotranspirasi dan efisiensi penggunaan air (Water Use Efficiency) pada tanaman alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) dalam kondisi kekeringan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di screen house PT. Suryo Riset Indonesia, Bogor, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan kombinasi mikroba di mana M0 sebagai kontrol, M1 kombinasi dari AP2 (isolat Pseudomonas aeruginosa) dan P3 (isolat Lactobacillus sp.), M2 kombinasi AP2 dan Chaetomium (cendawan endofit), M3 kombinasi P3 dan Chaetomium, dan M4 kombinasi antara AP2, P3, dan Chaetomium dengan 4 ulangan untuk masing-masing perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinamika evapotranspirasi lebih dipengaruhi oleh faktor iklim mikro harian, terutama radiasi matahari dan suhu, dibandingkan perlakuan mikroba. Perlakuan M2 (AP2+Chaetomium) menunjukkan kecenderungan respons yang lebih baik pada beberapa parameter, meliputi kelembapan tanah akhir, panjang akar (27,3 cm), biomassa kering (39,1 gram/tanaman), WUE (0,51 g/mm), serta jumlah daun segar pada kondisi akhir percobaan. Namun demikian, seluruh hasil uji statistik menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata antar perlakuan pada taraf 5%, dengan keragaman antar individu tanaman yang relatif tinggi. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini lebih tepat dipandang sebagai indikasi biologis awal bahwa kombinasi AP2 dan Chaetomium berpotensi mendukung ketahanan tanaman alpukat terhadap cekaman kekeringan, yang masih memerlukan konfirmasi melalui penelitian lanjutan dengan kondisi awal kelembapan tanah yang lebih seragam.
       
      This study aimed to analyze the effects of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) and endophytic fungi on evapotranspiration and water use efficiency (WUE) of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) under drought conditions. The experiment was conducted in a screen house at PT Suryo Riset Indonesia, Bogor, using a Randomized Complete Block Design consisting of five microbial treatments with four replications each. The treatments included M0 (control), M1 (combination of AP2, Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate, and P3, Lactobacillus sp. isolate), M2 (AP2 + Chaetomium endophytic fungus), M3 (P3 + Chaetomium), and M4 (combination of AP2, P3, and Chaetomium). The results showed that evapotranspiration dynamics were more strongly influenced by daily microclimatic factors, particularly solar radiation and air temperature, than by microbial treatments. Treatment M2 (AP2 + Chaetomium) exhibited a more favorable trend in several parameters, including final soil moisture content, root length (27,3 cm), dry biomass (39,1 g plant?¹), water use efficiency (0,51 g mm?¹), and the number of fresh leaves at the end of the experiment. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant differences among treatments at the 5% significance level, accompanied by relatively high variability among individual plants. Therefore, the findings of this study should be regarded as preliminary biological evidence suggesting that the combination of AP2 and Chaetomium has the potential to enhance drought tolerance in avocado plants. Nevertheless, further studies with more uniform initial soil moisture conditions are required to confirm these findings.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/175673
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