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      Pembentukan Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) pada Kejadian Hujan Lebat di Kota Semarang 31 Desember 2022

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      Agnia, Rifa
      Hidayat, Rahmat
      Purwaningsih, Anis
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      Abstract
      Wilayah pesisir sangat rentan terhadap hujan ekstrem yang dapat dipicu oleh sistem konvektif. Kota Semarang mengalami hujan lebat pada 30-31 Desember 2022 dengan intensitas tinggi dan diduga berkaitan dengan aktivitas Mesoscale Convective System (MCS). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis distribusi curah hujan, mengidentifikasi karakteristik siklus hidup sistem konvektif penyebabnya, serta mengkaji kondisi atmosfer yang mendukung pembentukannya. Identifikasi dan pelacakan MCS dilakukan menggunakan algoritma PyFLEXTRKR dengan data suhu kecerahan NASA Global Merged IR V1 dan curah hujan GPM IMERG V06B, didukung parameter ERA5. MCS yang terdeteksi memiliki masa hidup 61 jam dan dikategorikan sebagai long-lived MCS dengan regenerasi konvektif berulang, lalu bergabung atau memisah dengan sistem terdekat. Sistem mengalami dua fase intensifikasi, pada fase kedua yaitu tanggal 31 Desember terbukti lebih berdampak karena area hujan terpusat tepat di atas Kota Semarang dengan pergerakan yang lambat 3-9 m/s dan curah hujan tinggi mencapai 28,2 mm/jam. Korelasi Spearman antara curah hujan yang dihasilkan MCS dan curah hujan GPM menunjukkan nilai signifikan 0,8-0,9 yang menunjukkan bahwa MCS sebagai penyebab utama hujan lebat. Parameter ERA5 menunjukkan kelembapan spesifik yang tinggi, konvergensi di lapisan bawah, dan dominasi updraft pada fase intensifikasi dua. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa MCS memicu hujan lebat di pesisir utara Jawa.
       
      Coastal areas are highly vulnerable to heavy rainfall triggered by convective systems. Semarang City experienced heavy rainfall on 30-31 December 2022 with high intensities, suspected to be related to Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) activity. This study aims to analyze rainfall distribution, identify the life cycle characteristics of the responsible convective system, and examine the atmospheric conditions. MCS identification and tracking were performed using the PyFLEXTRKR algorithm with brightness temperature data from NASA Global Merged IR V1 and precipitation data from GPM IMERG V06B, supported by ERA5 parameters. The detected MCS had a lifetime of 61 hours and was categorized as long lived MCS maintained by repeated convective regeneration, merging with nearby systems, or splitting processes. The system went through two intensification phases, where the second phase on 31 December proved more impactful as the rainfall area was concentrated directly over Semarang City with slow movement of 3-9 m/s and peak rainfall reached 28,2 mm/hour. Spearman Correlation between MCS rainfall and GPM rainfall showed significant values of 0,8-0,9, indicating MCS as the primary cause of the heavy rainfall. ERA5 parameters showed high specific humidity, low level convergence, and dominant updraft during the second intensification phase. These findings confirm that MCS triggered heavy rainfall along the northern coast of Java Island.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/175408
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      Contact Us | Send Feedback
      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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