Studi Kasus Schistosomiasis dan Helmintiasis Lain pada Ruminansia Besar di Lembah Napu dan Lindu, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

Abstract

Schistosomiasis merupakan penyakit zoonotik akibat infeksi cacing Schistosoma japonicum di wilayah endemik Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Pemerintah telah meluncurkan Roadmap Eradikasi Schistosomiasis 2018–2025. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kejadian schistosomiasis dan helmintiasis lainnya berdasarkan pemeriksaan koprologis dan serologis pada ruminansia besar di Napu dan Lindu, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Sebanyak 26 serum sapi diperiksa menggunakan Indirect Haemagglutination Assay (IHA). Sebanyak 11 feses sapi dan 3 feses kerbau diperiksa menggunakan teknik Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory (DBL) dan flotasi McMaster. Persentase seropositif pada sapi mencapai 38,46%. Tingkat kejadian keseluruhan untuk infeksi S. japonicum mencapai 28,57% (36,37% sapi, 0% kerbau), Paramphistomum sp. 35,71% (18,19% sapi, 100% kerbau), Strongyle 64,29% (81,81% sapi, 0% kerbau), dan Strongyloides sp. 64,29% (63,63% sapi, 66,67% kerbau). Tingkat keparahan infeksi seluruhnya ringan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa schistosomiasis masih ditemukan pada ruminansia besar di wilayah penelitian.

Schistosomiasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Schistosoma japonicum infection in endemic areas of Central Sulawesi Province. The government has launched the Schistosomiasis Eradication Roadmap 2018–2025. This case study aims to determine the prevalence of schistosomiasis and other helminthiasis in large ruminants using coprological and serological tests in Napu and Lindu, Central Sulawesi Province. A total of 26 cattle serum samples were examined using the Indirect Haemagglutination Assay (IHA). A total of 11 cattle fecal samples and 3 buffalo fecal samples were examined using the Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory (DBL) technique and the flotation McMaster methods. The seropositive percentage in cattle was 38.46%. The overall prevalence of S. japonicum infection was 28.57% (36.37% in cattle and 0% in buffaloes), Paramphistomum sp. 35.71% (18.19% in cattle and 100% in buffaloes), Strongyle 64.29% (81.81% in cattle and 0% in buffaloes), and Strongyloides sp. 64.29% (63.63% in cattle and 66.67% in buffaloes). All infections were mild in severity. These findings indicate that schistosomiasis is still present in large ruminants in the study area.