Deteksi Gen uspA dan Gen Resistansi blaTEM pada Escherichia coli dari Feses Kuda

Abstract

Escherichia coli merupakan bakteri Gram negatif oportunis yang terdapat pada saluran pencernaan hewan berdarah panas, termasuk kuda. Escherichia coli dapat menjadi reservoir gen resistansi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi E. coli dari feses kuda menggunakan pendekatan molekuler, yaitu deteksi gen uspA, serta mendeteksi keberadaan gen resistansi blaTEM pada isolat yang terkonfirmasi sebagai E. coli. Sebanyak 22 isolat yang diduga E. coli dari feses kuda diperiksa dalam penelitian ini. Deteksi gen uspA dan blaTEM dilakukan menggunakan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 18 dari 22 isolat (81,8%) yang diuji PCR terkonfirmasi positif E. coli dengan terdeteksinya gen uspA. Dari 18 isolat E. coli yang diuji, sebanyak 15 isolat (83,3%) positif gen blaTEM yang mengode resistansi terhadap antimikroba beta-laktam. Studi ini menunjukkan pentingnya deteksi molekuler untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri dan mendeteksi gen resistansi pada E. coli. Selain itu, E. coli dari feses kuda dapat menjadi reservoir gen resistansi blaTEM sehingga berpotensi berkontribusi terhadap penyebaran resistansi antimikroba.

Escherichia coli is an opportunistic Gram negative bacterium commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals, including horses. Escherichia coli can act as a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes. This study aimed to identify E. coli isolated from horse feces using a molecular approach through the detection of the uspA gene and to detect the presence of the blaTEM resistance gene in confirmed isolates. A total of 22 presumptive E. coli isolates obtained from horse feces were examined in this study. Detection of the uspA and blaTEM genes was performed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique. The results showed that 18 out of 22 isolates tested by PCR (81.8%) were confirmed as E. coli through the detection of the uspA gene. Furthermore, 15 out of 18 E. coli tested were positive for blaTEM antimicrobial resistance gene, indicating resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials. This study demonstrates the importance of molecular methods for identifying bacteria and detecting resistance genes in E. coli. Furthermore, E. coli from horse feces can harbor the blaTEM resistance gene and potentially contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance.