Hubungan Karakteristik Bio-Ekologi dengan Produktivitas Daun Tumbuhan Tabat Barito (Ficus deltoidea Jack) di Kawasan Kawah Ratu

Abstract

Tabat barito (Ficus deltoidea Jack.) merupakan tumbuhan obat bernilai tinggi yang pemanfaatannya masih bergantung pada populasi alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik bio-ekologi, serta menganalisis hubungannya terhadap produktivitas daun tabat barito. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisis vegetasi jalur-garis berpetak untuk mengkaji struktur komunitas, serta analisis korelasi Spearman untuk mengukur arah dan tingkat hubungan variabel. Hasil menunjukkan tabat barito di kawasan Kawah Ratu memiliki pola sebaran mengelompok pada areal dekat kawah. Habitat tabat barito memiliki kisaran suhu udara, kelembapan relatif, intensitas cahaya, ketinggian tempat, dan kelerengan secara berurutan yaitu 19,55–19,83°C, 84,75–89,50%, 9.379,67–10.777,67 lux, 1.397,41–1.401,54 mdpl, dan 0,7–1%. Produktivitas daun memiliki hubungan positif sangat kuat dengan suhu udara, intensitas cahaya, ketinggian tempat, kandungan debu, pH, dan N-total tanah, serta hubungan negatif sangat kuat dengan kelembapan udara, kelerengan, kandungan liat, bulk density, P dan Fe tanah.

Tabat barito (Ficus deltoidea Jack.) is a high-value medicinal plant whose utilization still relies largely on natural populations. This study aimed to identify the bio-ecological characteristics of tabat barito and analyze their relationship with leaf productivity. The study employed the line transect vegetation method with nested plots to examine community structure, while Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to assess the direction and strength of the relationships between bio-ecological variables and leaf productivity. The results showed that tabat barito in the Kawah Ratu area exhibited a clustered distribution pattern, primarily in sites located near the crater. The habitat of tabat barito was characterized by air temperature ranging from 19.55 to 19.83°C, relative humidity from 84.75 to 89.50%, light intensity from 9,379.67 to 10,777.67 lux, elevation from 1,397.41 to 1,401.54 m above sea level, and slope from 0.7 to 1%. Leaf productivity exhibited a very strong positive correlation with air temperature, light intensity, elevation, soil silt content, soil pH, and total nitrogen. Conversely, it showed a very strong negative correlation with relative humidity, slope, soil clay content, bulk density, soil phosphorus, and iron content.