Suplementasi Fukoidan terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan dan Respons Imun Udang Vaname Litopenaeus vanammei

Abstract

Fukoidan merupakan polisakarida tersulfatasi dari alga cokelat yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas imunostimulan dan peningkat pertumbuhan pada organisme akuatik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek suplementasi fukoidan terhadap respons imun nonspesifik udang vaname selama 21 hari pemeliharaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fukoidan memberikan efek peningkatan respons imun secara signifikan (Duncan P>0,05) pada parameter Total Haemocyte Count (THC), proporsi sel granular pada Differential Haemocyte Count (DHC), dan aktivitas prophenoloxidase (proPO). Peningkatan respons imun ini berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya dosis suplementasi fukoidan, namun pada dosis tertinggi terindikasi adanya overstimulasi imun. Pemberian suplementasi fukoidan tidak mengganggu pertumbuhan udang, dan berpotensi menjadi imunomudolator dan imunoproteksi, karena beberapa parameter kualitas air tidak optimal sehingga berpotensi adanya imunosupresi.

Fucoidan is a sulfated polysaccharide derived from brown algae that is known to possess immunostimulatory and growth-promoting activities in aquatic organisms. This study aimed to determine the effects of fucoidan supplementation on the nonspecific immune response of vanamei shrimp during a 21-day rearing period. The results showed that fucoidan significantly enhanced the immune response (Duncan P>0.05) as measured by Total Hemocyte Count (THC), the proportion of granular cells in the Differential Hemocyte Count (DHC), and prophenoloxidase (proPO) activity. This increase in immune response was directly proportional to the increasing dose of fucoidan supplementation, however at the highest dose, signs of immune overstimulation were observed. Fucoidan supplementation did not interfere with shrimp growth and has the potential to act as an immunomodulator and immunoprotector, as several water quality parameters were suboptimal, potentially leading to immunosuppression