Uji Mutu Fisik dan Mutu Fisiologis Benih Mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla King.).

Abstract

Benih mahoni tergolong ke dalam benih intermediat, yang viabilitasnya dapat menurun setelah disimpan lebih dari beberapa bulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menganalisis mutu fisik dan fisiologis benih mahoni, (2) menganalisis pengaruh mikrob sebagai agen biopriming terhadap viabilitas benih mahoni. Benih mahoni yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sudah memiliki umur simpan 4 bulan. Uji mutu fisik benih mahoni yang dilakukan meliputi uji kemurnian, uji kadar air, dan berat seribu butir mahoni. Uji mutu fisiologis benih mahoni meliputi uji belah, uji topografi tetrazolium, dan uji daya kecambah benih mahoni dengan perlakuan biopriming. Hasil uji mutu fisik benih menunjukkan kondisi yang baik dengan nilai uji kemurnian 100%, uji kadar air 7,04%, dan berat seribu butir 427 g. Namun, hasil uji mutu fisiologis benih sangat rendah, ditunjukkan dengan viabilitas sebesar 16,25% berdasarkan uji topografi tetrazolium dan tidak adanya perkecambahan (0%) pada seluruh perlakuan. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa benih mahoni dengan umur simpan 4 bulan telah mengalami deteriorasi benih.

Mahogany seeds are classified as intermediate seeds, whose viability may decline after being stored for more than a few months. This study aims to (1) analyze the physical and physiological quality of mahogany seeds, and (2) analyze the effect of microbes as biopriming agents on the viability of mahogany seeds. The mahogany seeds used in this study had already been stored for 4 months. The physical quality tests conducted on the mahogany seeds included purity testing, moisture content testing, and thousand-seed weight mahogany seeds. The physiological quality tests on the mahogany seeds included a split test, a tetrazolium topography test, and a germination rate test of mahogany seeds with biopriming treatment. The results of the physical quality tests of the seeds indicated good condition, with a purity test value of 100%, a moisture content of 7.04%, and a thousand-seed weight of 427 g. However, the results of the physiological quality tests of the seeds were very low, as indicated by a viability of 16.25% based on the tetrazolium topography test and the absence of germination (0%) in all treatments. This indicates that mahogany seeds with a storage life of 4 months have undergone seed deterioration.