Implementasi Sistem Monitoring Berbasis IoT untuk Analisis Korelasi Suhu Udara dan Kelembapan Media Tanam pada Budidaya Melon di Greenhouse

Abstract

Penelitian ini mengimplementasikan sistem monitoring berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) pada greenhouse Sekolah Vokasi IPB menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32, sensor DHT22, dan Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor v2.0 yang dilengkapi MicroSD, Mini UPS, dan dashboard berbasis Laravel. Data dikumpulkan selama 14 hari (14-28 April 2026) dengan interval 5 menit, menghasilkan 3.794 rekaman. Setelah pembersihan dan agregasi rata-rata per jam, diperoleh 311 titik data untuk analisis. Sensor DHT22 mencapai MAPE 1,07% untuk suhu dan 8,33% untuk kelembapan udara, sedangkan sensor kelembapan media tanam mencapai MAPE 17,25% setelah kalibrasi. Mini UPS mampu mempertahankan operasional sistem selama 13 jam 42 menit. Analisis korelasi Pearson menghasilkan r = -0,1129 (Sangat Rendah, Signifikan). Analisis regresi linear sederhana menghasilkan persamaan Y = 62,1254 - 0,3165X, dengan R² = 1,27%, t-hitung = -1,9975, dan p-value = 0,0466 < a = 0,05. Rendahnya korelasi dipengaruhi oleh penyiraman manual terjadwal sebagai faktor dominan pengendali kelembapan media tanam.

This study implemented an Internet of Things (IoT)-based monitoring system in the IPB Vocational School greenhouse using an ESP32 microcontroller, a DHT22 sensor, and a Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor v2.0, supported by MicroSD backup storage, a Mini UPS, and a Laravel-based dashboard. Data were collected over 14 days (April 14–28, 2026) at 5-minute intervals, producing 3,794 records. After data cleaning and hourly averaging, 311 data points were obtained for analysis. The DHT22 sensor achieved MAPE values of 1.07% for temperature and 8.33% for air humidity, while the growing media moisture sensor achieved a MAPE of 17.25% after calibration. The Mini UPS maintained system operation for 13 hours and 42 minutes. Pearson correlation analysis yielded r = -0.1129 (Very Low, Significant). Simple linear regression produced the equation Y = 62.1254 - 0.3165X, with R² = 1.27%, t-statistic = -1.9975, and p-value = 0.0466 < a = 0.05. The weak correlation was mainly influenced by scheduled manual irrigation, which became the dominant factor controlling growing media moisture.