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      Respon Debit Sungai terhadap Curah Hujan pada Sub DAS Garang Hulu Berbasis Model SWAT+

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      Date
      2026
      Author
      KUSUMAWANTI, LULU ALYA
      Taufik, Muh.
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      Abstract
      Curah hujan merupakan faktor utama yang memengaruhi dinamika debit sungai pada suatu daerah aliran sungai (DAS). Variasi curah hujan, baik dalam bentuk periode kering, periode basah, maupun kejadian ekstrem, dapat menyebabkan perubahan kondisi hidrologi sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensimulasikan debit sungai di Sub DAS Garang Hulu menggunakan model Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus (SWAT+) serta menganalisis respons debit sungai terhadap curah hujan berdasarkan hasil simulasi model. Data yang digunakan meliputi data curah hujan, iklim, model elevasi digital (DEM), tutupan lahan, dan jenis tanah. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa model SWAT+ mampu merepresentasikan pola debit sungai di Sub DAS Garang Hulu dengan baik dengan nilai KGE 0,50 dan R2 0,52. Respon debit sungai terhadap curah hujan menunjukkan peningkatan curah hujan diikuti oleh peningkatan debit sungai dengan nilai r = 0,40. Hubungan antara indeks curah hujan ekstrem dan debit sungai menunjukkan bahwa skala bulanan menghasilkan hubungan yang lebih kuat dibandingkan skala tahunan. Jumlah hari berturut turut (Consecutive Dry Days atau CDD) memiliki korelasi negatif dengan debit rendah (Q90) sebesar -0,56. Sebaliknya, jumlah hari basah berturut-turut (Consecutive Wet Days atau CWD) memiliki korelasi positif kuat dengan debit rata-rata (Qmean) sebesar 0,74. Selain itu, indeks R50mm dan Rx1day menunjukkan hubungan positif dengan debit maksimum (Qmax), masing-masing sebesar 0,62 dan 0,80. Analisis musiman menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara curah hujan ekstrem dan debit sungai lebih kuat pada musim basah dibandingkan musim kering. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik curah hujan memengaruhi respons debit sungai pada kondisi aliran rendah, aliran rata-rata, dan aliran maksimum. Pengaruh tersebut paling jelas terlihat pada skala bulanan dan selama musim basah, sehingga perubahan karakteristik curah hujan berpotensi memengaruhi kondisi hidrologi dan ketersediaan air di Sub DAS Garang Hulu.
       
      Rainfall is the main factor influencing the dynamics of river discharge in a watershed (DAS). Variations in rainfall, whether in the form of dry periods, wet periods, or extreme events, can cause changes in river hydrological conditions. This study aims to simulate river discharge in the Garang Hulu Sub watershed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool Plus (SWAT+) model and analyze the response of river discharge to rainfall based on the results of the model simulation. The data used include rainfall, climate, digital elevation model (DEM), land cover, and soil type. The simulation results show that the SWAT+ model is able to represent the river discharge pattern in the Garang Hulu Sub watershed well with a KGE value of 0.50 and R2 of 0.52. The response of river discharge to rainfall shows an increase in rainfall followed by an increase in river discharge with an r value of 0.40. The relationship between the extreme rainfall index and river discharge shows that the monthly scale produces a stronger relationship than the annual scale. The number of consecutive days (Consecutive Dry Days or CDD) has a negative correlation with low discharge (Q90) of -0.56. Conversely, the number of consecutive wet days (CWD) had a strong positive correlation with mean discharge (Qmean) of 0.74. Furthermore, the R50mm and Rx1day indices showed a positive relationship with maximum discharge (Qmax), at 0.62 and 0.80, respectively. Seasonal analysis showed that the relationship between extreme rainfall and river discharge was stronger in the wet season than in the dry season. The results indicate that rainfall characteristics influence river discharge responses under low flow, average flow, and maximum flow conditions. This influence was most evident at the monthly scale and during the wet season, so changes in rainfall characteristics have the potential to impact hydrological conditions and water availability in the Garang Hulu Sub watershed.
       
      URI
      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/174774
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      • UF - Geophysics and Meteorology [1824]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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