Elektrokardiogram Babi (Sus scrofa domestica) pada Kondisi Syok Septik Pasca Resusitasi Cairan

Abstract

Sepsis merupakan respons inflamasi sistemik yang tidak terkontrol akibat infeksi dan dapat berkembang menjadi syok septik serta menyebabkan disfungsi multiorgan, termasuk pada sistem kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perubahan aktivitas listrik jantung pada model babi (Sus scrofa domestica) yang mengalami syok septik setelah resusitasi cairan menggunakan elektrokardiogram (EKG). Empat ekor babi diinduksi syok septik melalui infus endotoksin Escherichia coli hingga mencapai mean arterial pressure (MAP) = 60 mmHg, lalu diberikan resusitasi cairan Ringer laktat 30 mL/kg. Pemeriksaan EKG dilakukan pada tiga fase, yaitu pra-syok (T1), syok septik (T2), dan pascaterapi (T3). Variabel yang diamati meliputi heart rate (HR), P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, dan T wave. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa fase syok septik ditandai dengan penurunan HR, pemendekan PR interval, perubahan QRS complex, pemanjangan QT interval, serta peningkatan T wave yang mengarah pada adanya gangguan elektrofisiologis jantung. Setelah resusitasi, HR meningkat yang mengindikasikan perbaikan hemodinamik parsial, namun variabel lain belum menunjukkan kecenderungan perbaikan yang bermakna. Seluruh variabel tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik (p > 0,05). Kesimpulannya, syok septik cenderung menyebabkan perubahan aktivitas listrik jantung, sedangkan pemberian cairan resusitasi saja belum menunjukkan pemulihan fungsi elektrofisiologis jantung berdasarkan parameter EKG yang diamati

Sepsis is an uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response to infection that can progress to septic shock and result in multiple organ dysfunction, including cardiovascular impairment. This study aimed to evaluate changes in cardiac electrical activity in a porcine model (Sus scrofa domestica) of septic shock following fluid resuscitation using electrocardiography (ECG). Four pigs were induced with septic shock through Escherichia coli endotoxin infusion until mean arterial pressure (MAP) reached = 60 mmHg, followed by Lactated Ringer’s solution administration at 30 mL/kg. ECG examinations were performed during three phases: pre-shock (T1), septic shock (T2), and post-resuscitation (T3). Variables included heart rate (HR), P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, QT interval, and T wave. The septic shock phase was characterized by decreased HR, shortened PR interval, reduced QRS amplitude, prolonged QT interval, and increased T-wave amplitude, indicating cardiac electrophysiological disturbances. Following fluid resuscitation, HR increased, suggesting partial hemodynamic improvement; however, other variables showed no clear tendency toward recovery. No statistically significant differences were observed among variables (p > 0.05). In conclusion, septic shock tended to alter cardiac electrical activity, whereas fluid resuscitation alone did not clearly restore cardiac electrophysiological function based on the ECG parameters evaluated.