Pengaruh Frekuensi Pemberian Probiotik melalui Pakan terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Ikan Lele Sangkuriang Clarias gariepinus

Abstract

Ikan lele sangkuriang Clarias gariepinus merupakan komoditas unggulan dengan permintaan tinggi, namun harga pakan naik dan efisiensi pakan rendah menjadi kendala utama. Penggunaan probiotik menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan frekuensi pemberian probiotik melalui pakan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap performa pertumbuhan ikan lele sangkuriang. Penelitian ini menggunakan benih ikan lele ukuran 3–4 cm sebanyak 120 ekor/akuarium dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan, yaitu Kontrol (K), pemberian probiotik selama 2 minggu (2W), dan selama 4 minggu (4W). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian probiotik selama 4 minggu (4W) memberikan hasil terbaik dengan panjang mutlak 2,7 cm, bobot mutlak 0,89 g, laju pertumbuhan spesifik 4,1%/hari, tingkat kelangsungan hidup 91%, rasio konversi pakan 1,4, dan efisiensi pakan 73%. Perlakuan 4W juga menghasilkan kelimpahan bakteri usus tertinggi serta keuntungan usaha terbesar dengan nilai R/C rasio >1 dan periode pengembalian modal tercepat.

Sangkuriang catfish Clarias gariepinus is an important aquaculture commodity with high market demand. Increasing feed costs and low feed efficiency are major challenges in catfish farming. The use of probiotics is one way to improve fish growth and feed efficiency. This study aimed to determine the effect of different durations of probiotic application through feed on the growth performance of Sangkuriang catfish. The study used 3–4 cm Sangkuriang catfish juveniles stocked at 120 fish/aquarium. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied with three treatments: control (K), probiotic application for 2 weeks (2W), and probiotic application for 4 weeks (4W). The results showed that probiotic application for 4 weeks (4W) gave the best results, with an absolute length gain of 2.7 cm, absolute weight gain of 0.89 g, specific growth rate of 4.1% day/%, survival rate of 91%, feed conversion ratio of 1.4, and feed efficiency of 73%. The 4W treatment also produced the highest intestinal bacterial abundance and the highest profit, indicated by an R/C ratio >1 and the shortest payback period. In conclusion, probiotic application for 4 weeks improved growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal bacterial abundance, and business profitability of Sangkuriang catfish culture.