Pembuatan Pelet Biomassa dari Lumpur Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik dan Trembesi sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif

Abstract

Lumpur hasil pengolahan air limbah domestik dan biomassa pemangkasan pohon trembesi (Samanea saman) berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi terbarukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan pelet biomassa berbasis lumpur IPAL dan serbuk trembesi serta mengevaluasi kualitasnya. Pelet dibuat dengan tiga variasi komposisi lumpur IPAL dan serbuk trembesi, yaitu 10:90, 20:80, dan 30:70, dengan penambahan tapioka dan air. Kualitas pelet diuji melalui analisis proksimat dan nilai kalor, kemudian dibandingkan dengan SNI 8675:2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan proporsi lumpur IPAL meningkatkan kadar air dan kadar abu, tetapi menurunkan kadar volatil dan nilai kalor. Nilai kalor tertinggi diperoleh pada 10:90 sebesar 4.684,39 kal/g. Dari lima parameter yang diuji, tiga parameter yaitu kadar air, kadar volatil, dan nilai kalor telah memenuhi SNI 8675:2018. Komposisi 10:90 menunjukkan karakteristik terbaik dan berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bakar alternatif.

Sludge from domestic wastewater treatment and biomass from trembesi (Samanea saman) tree pruning have the potential to be utilized as a source of renewable energy. This study aims to produce biomass pellets based on wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) sludge and trembesi sawdust and to evaluate their quality. The pellets were made using three different compositions of WWTP sludge and trembesi sawdust are 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70, with the addition of tapioca and water. Pellet quality was tested through proximate analysis and calorific value determination, then compared with SNI 8675:2018. The results showed that increasing the proportion of WWTP sludge raised the moisture and ash content but lowered the volatile matter content and calorific value. The highest calorific value was obtained for 10:90 at 4,684.39 cal/g. Of the five parameters tested, three moisture content, volatile matter content, and calorific value, met the requirements of SNI 8675:2018. The composition of 10:90 exhibited the best characteristics and has the potential to be utilized as an alternative fuel.