Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pemadat Gelrite terhadap Pertumbuhan Akar Pule Pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. Ex Kurz) secara In Vitro

Abstract

Pule pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz.) tanaman dengan kandungan alkaloid tinggi pada akar, penting dalam pengobatan. Eksploitasi liar menyebabkan status langka dan sulitnya regenerasi. Kultur jaringan diperlukan untuk perbanyakan akar berkelanjutan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh konsentrasi gelrite serta menentukan konsentrasi optimal untuk akar. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktorial empat perlakuan lima ulangan (agar labotiq 7 g/L, gelrite 2 g/L, gelrite 1 g/L, dan gelrite 3 g/L). Data berupa tinggi tunas, jumlah tunas dan daun, berat basah dan kering. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik non-parametrik kruskal wallis dan uji lanjutan dunn. Hasil menunjukkan konsentrasi gelrite berpengaruh nyata terhadap morfogenesis. Gelrite 3 g/L menghasilkan pertumbuhan tunas terbaik dengan biomassa tunas dan estimasi kandungan alkaloid paling optimal. Namun, pembentukan akar tidak berhasil karena dominasi kalus dan antagonisme hormonal auksin-sitokinin. Gelrite 3 g/L merupakan konsentrasi pemadat paling efektif untuk mendukung pertumbuhan organ pule pandak secara in vitro.

Pule pandak (Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz.) plant with a high alkaloid content in the roots, important in medicine. Illegal exploitation leads to rare status and difficulty in regeneration. Tissue culture is necessary for sustainable root propagation. The research aims to evaluate the effect of gelrite concentration as well as determine the optimal concentration for the root. The study used a one-factorial Complete Random Design (RAL) of four treatments of five replicates (agar labotiq 7 g/L, gelrite 2 g/L, gelrite 1 g/L, and gelrite 3 g/L). Data in the form of bud height, number of buds and leaves, wet and dry weight. Data were analyzed using non-parametric cross-wallis statistics and dunn follow-up tests. The results showed that the concentration of gelrite had a significant effect on morphogenesis. Gelrite 3 g/L produces the best bud growth with the most optimal bud biomass and estimated alkaloid content. However, root formation is unsuccessful due to the dominance of callus and auxin-cytokinin hormonal antagonism. Gelrite 3 g/L is the most effective concentration of solidification to support the growth of the pule pandak organ in vitro.