Tata Niaga dan Pendugaan Volume Perdagangan Ilegal Kukang Sumatera (Nycticebus coucang)

Abstract

Perdagangan ilegal kukang sumatera (Nycticebus coucang) menjadi salah satu faktor yang mengancam keberlangsungan populasinya di Indonesia, yang dipicu oleh tingginya permintaan pasar dan lemahnya pengawasan penegak hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis alur tata niaga, karakteristik pelaku, dinamika perdagangan, dan nilai ekonomi perdagangan ilegal kukang sumatera periode 2015–2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan data yang bersumber dari Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung, Sistem Informasi Penelusuran Perkara (SIPP), laporan instansi terkait, dan berita internet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tiga jenis alur perdagangan dengan dominasi market space restricted yang menggambarkan perdagangan melalui jaringan tertutup. Selama periode 2015–2025 ditemukan 19 kasus dengan total 78 ekor kukang dan total nilai ekonomi sebesar Rp34.250.000. Fluktuasi perdagangan mencerminkan kemampuan pelaku dalam menyesuaikan diri terhadap upaya penegakan hukum, sedangkan variasi sanksi pidana menunjukkan adanya perbedaan penerapan hukum dalam penanganan kasus perdagangan ilegal kukang sumatera.

The illegal trade of Sumatran slow loris (Nycticebus coucang) is one of the factors that threatens the sustainability of its population in Indonesia, triggered by high market demand and weak law enforcement supervision. This study aims to analyze the flow of the trade system, characteristics of actors, trade dynamics, and the economic value of illegal trade in Sumatran slow slow lorises for the period 2015–2025. This research uses data sourced from the Supreme Court Decision Directory, Case Tracking Information System (SIPP), related agency reports, and internet news. The results show that there are three types of trade flows with the dominance of market space restricted which describes trading through closed networks. During the 2015–2025 period, 19 cases were found with a total of 78 slow loris and a total economic value of Rp34,250,000. Trade fluctuations reflect the ability of perpetrators to adjust to law enforcement efforts, while variations in criminal sanctions show differences in the application of the law in handling cases of illegal Sumatran slow loris.