Kombinasi Marl dan Bahan Organik sebagai Amelioran Tanah untuk Mendukung Pertumbuhan Bibit Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.)

Abstract

Tanah podsolik merah kuning memiliki pH masam, kandungan Al tinggi, dan ketersediaan hara terbatas sehingga diperlukan ameliorasi tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh aplikasi marl dan pupuk pabrikan kotoran ayam terhadap pertumbuhan bibit gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) dan sifat kimia tanah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dua faktor dengan tiga taraf marl (0, 46, dan 92 g) dan pupuk pabrikan kotoran ayam (0, 60, dan 180 g) per polybag. Parameter yang diamati meliputi persentase hidup bibit, persentase kesehatan bibit, tinggi, diameter, berat basah total, berat kering total, dan sifat kimia tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi marl dan pupuk pabrikan kotoran ayam belum mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit selama 12 minggu. Aplikasi amelioran meningkatkan pH, P2O5 tersedia, dan Ca²?, serta menurunkan Al³? dan H?. Namun perubahan tersebut tidak selalu diikuti peningkatan pertumbuhan bibit akibat ketidakseimbangan kation dan antagonisme hara.

Red-yellow podzolic soil is characterized by acidic pH, high aluminum (Al) content, and limited nutrient availability, thus requiring soil amelioration. This study aimed to analyze the effects of marl and commercial chicken manure fertilizer application on the growth of agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.) seedlings and soil chemical properties. The experiment employed a two-factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three levels of marl (0, 46, and 92 g) and commercial chicken manure fertilizer (0, 60, and 180 g) per polybag. The observed parameters included seedling survival percentage, seedling health percentage, height, diameter, total fresh weight, total dry weight, and soil chemical properties. The results showed that the combination of marl and commercial chicken manure fertilizer was not able to enhance seedling growth during the 12-week observation period. The application of soil ameliorants increased soil pH, available P2O5, and Ca²? content, while decreasing Al³? and H? concentrations. However, these changes were not always accompanied by improved seedling growth due to cation imbalance and nutrient antagonism.