Analisis Kesediaan Membayar Penerbang Drone Terhadap Pungutan Kegiatan Penerbangan Drone di Kawasan Konservasi

Abstract

Penggunaan drone di kawasan konservasi memberikan manfaat namun berpotensi menimbulkan gangguan. Untuk meminimalisir dampak tersebut, Pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan pungutan penerbangan drone melalui PP Nomor 36 Tahun 2024, namun besaran tarif dan belum adanya regulasi lanjutan menimbulkan beragam respons. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengestimasi Willingness to Pay (WTP), menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhinya, serta mengkaji persepsi keselamatan lingkungan dan pengunjung. Penelitian terhadap 95 anggota Asosiasi Pilot Drone Indonesia Regional Jabodetabek menggunakan Contingent Valuation Method dengan pendekatan Double Bounded Dichotomous Choice, regresi interval, dan skala Likert. Hasil menunjukkan rata-rata WTP sebesar ±Rp457.000 per kunjungan. Persepsi risiko berpengaruh signifikan terhadap WTP (ß = 0,3166; p = 0,006). Secara umum responden setuju terhadap aspek keselamatan, meskipun pada aspek gangguan terhadap satwa liar dan kebisingan drone mendapatkan sikap cukup setuju.

The use of drones in conservation areas offers benefits but also has the potential to cause disturbances. To minimize these impacts, the Indonesian government established drone flight fees through Government Regulation No. 36 of 2024; however, the fee amounts and the lack of follow-up regulations have elicited a variety of responses. This study aims to estimate Willingness to Pay (WTP), analyze the factors influencing it, and examine perceptions of environmental safety and visitor safety. The study involved 95 members of the Indonesian Drone Pilots Association’s Jabodetabek Regional Chapter, utilizing the Contingent Valuation Method with a Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice approach, interval regression, and a Likert scale. The results indicate an average WTP of approximately Rp457,000 per visit. Risk perception significantly influences WTP (ß = 0.3166; p = 0.006). In general, respondents agreed with safety aspects, although regarding the disturbance of wildlife and drone noise, they expressed a somewhat agreeable stance.