Pengaruh Tipe Vegetasi terhadap Kelimpahan dan Kadar Air Bahan Bakar Serasah di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai

Abstract

KHANSA FADILAH. Pengaruh Tipe Vegetasi terhadap Kelimpahan dan Kadar Air Bahan Bakar Serasah di Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai. Dibimbing oleh BAMBANG HERO SAHARJO.

Kebakaran hutan merupakan gangguan yang sering terjadi di Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai (TNGC). Kadar air serasah menjadi salah satu faktor penentu kerawanan kebakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh tipe vegetasi terhadap kadar air serasah dan menilai tingkat kerawanan kebakaran berdasarkan parameter tersebut di TNGC. Metode penelitian meliputi analisis sampel serasah dan inventarisasi vegetasi pada tiga jenis tipe vegetasi: hutan alam, hutan pinus, dan semak belukar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variasi kadar air serasah antar tipe vegetasi. Kadar air tertinggi diamati pada semak belukar (55,55%), sedangkan hutan pinus (39,37%) dan hutan alam (31,12%) menunjukkan nilai yang lebih rendah. Berdasarkan kriteria Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kehutanan, kadar air di bawah ambang 30% mengindikasikan kategori rawan. Temuan ini mengonfirmasi adanya hubungan antara tipe vegetasi dengan kondisi bahan bakar mati. Implikasi studi ini menyoroti perlunya pendekatan pengelolaan bahan bakar yang berbeda sesuai karakteristik tegakan, dengan perhatian lebih pada lokasi yang memiliki kadar air serasah rendah.

Kata kunci: bahan bakar, kadar air, kebakaran hutan, tipe vegetasi

KHANSA FADILAH. The Effect of Vegetation Type on the Abundance and Moisture Content of Litter Fuel in the Gunung Ciremai National Park Area. Supervised by BAMBANG HERO SAHARJO

Forest fires are a recurrent disturbance in Mount Ciremai National Park (TNGC). Litter moisture content is a determinant factor of fire risk. This study aimed to examine the influence of vegetation type on litter moisture content and to assess the fire risk level based on this parameter in TNGC. The research method included litter sample analysis and vegetation inventory in three vegetation types: natural forest, pine forest, and shrubland. The results showed variation in litter moisture content among stands. The highest moisture content was observed in shrubland (55,55%), Pine Forest (39,37%), and natural forest (31,12%) showed lower values. According to the Forestry Research and Development Agency criteria, moisture content below the 30% threshold indicates a fire-prone category. This finding confirms a relationship between vegetation type and dead fuel condition. The study's implication underscores the need for differentiated fuel management approaches according to stand characteristics, with greater attention to areas with low litter moisture content.

Keywords: forest fires, fuel, moisture content, type vegetation