Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah Mangga Harum Manis dan Jeruk Siam dalam Pembuatan Detergen Eco-enzyme Ramah Lingkungan

Abstract

Detergent waste poses a serious threat to water quality. Surfactants are compounds that are difficult to degrade by microorganisms in nature and cause environmental pollution. The study aims to compare the physical characteristics of eco-enzyme detergent with commercial detergents, the effectiveness of eco-enzyme detergent in reducing pollution, and determine the selling price of the product. The research method is an experiment with direct trials. The results show that eco-enzyme detergent meets the quality requirements of organoleptic tests, with a pH value of 6,6-5,9 according to standards, abundant foam stability high as 6,5 cm and stable cleaning ability. Eco-enzyme detergent is effective in reducing the impact of pollution for test parameters of pH 7, TDS 739 ppm, TSS 50 mg/L, COD 9,33 mg/L, and Turbidity of 479,98 NTU. However, it is less effective in reducing the MBAS value of 4,32 mg/L. Both detergents have the same phosphate value of <0,01 mg/L. The cost analysis yielded a cost of goods sold of Rp5.212, with a selling price of Rp6.776 per bottle (250 ml). Eco-enzyme detergent is considered suitable for use as a safe and effective environmentally friendly alternative.

Limbah detergen menjadi ancaman serius terhadap kualitas air. Surfaktan termasuk dalam senyawa yang sukar didegradasi oleh mikroorganisme di alam dan menimbulkan pencemaran lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan membandingkan karakteristik fisik detergen eco-enzyme dengan komersial, efektivitas detergen eco-enzyme dalam mengurangi pencemaran, serta menentukan harga jual produk. Metode penelitian berupa eksperimen dengan percobaan langsung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan detergen eco-enzyme memenuhi syarat mutu uji organoleptis, nilai pH 6,6-5,9 sesuai standar, stabilitas busa melimpah setinggi 6,5 cm dan kemampuan daya pembersihan yang stabil. Detergen eco-enzyme efektif mengurangi dampak pencemaran untuk parameter uji pH 7, TDS 739 ppm, TSS 50 mg/L, COD 9,33 mg/L, dan Turbidy sebesar 479,98 NTU. Namun, kurang efektif dalam menurunkan nilai MBAS 4,32 mg/L. Kedua detergen memiliki nilai fosfat yang sama sebesar <0,01 mg/L. Analisis biaya memperoleh harga pokok produksi sebesar Rp5.212 dengan harga jual produk Rp6.776 / botol (250 ml). Produk detergen eco-enzyme dinilai layak digunakan sebagai produk alternatif ramah lingkungan yang aman dan efektif.