Faktor-faktor yang Memengaruhi Produktivitas Publikasi Ilmiah Dosen PTN XYZ

Abstract

Produktivitas publikasi ilmiah dosen merupakan salah satu indikator utama reputasi dan daya saing perguruan tinggi di tingkat nasional dan internasional. Dalam konteks tersebut, perguruan tinggi dituntut untuk meningkatkan jumlah dan kualitas publikasi ilmiah, terutama di jurnal bereputasi internasional. PTN XYZ sebagai perguruan tinggi negeri berbadan hukum menargetkan peningkatan kontribusi dalam publikasi global sebagai bagian dari upaya mencapai World Class University. Namun demikian, produktivitas publikasi dosen masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan, yang bersumber dari faktor individu maupun eksternal. Tujuan penelitian yaitu 1) menganalisis karakteristik produktivitas publikasi dosen di setiap jenjang jabatan fungsional, 2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi produktivitas publikasi dosen di PTN XYZ, dan 3) merekomendasikan strategi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas publikasi ilmiah dosen di jurnal internasional bereputasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan kombinasi metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada dosen dari berbagai jenjang jabatan akademik mulai dari Asisten Ahli hingga Guru Besar, dengan total populasi dosen yang berkontribusi dalam publikasi sebanyak 1.382 orang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling dan analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda. Selain itu, dilakukan wawancara mendalam dengan pengambil kebijakan untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan publikasi ilmiah. Variabel yang dianalisis terdiri dari enam variabel bebas utama: motivasi, kompetensi riset, beban mengajar, fasilitas, orientasi kualitas publikasi, dan jabatan fungsional, serta empat variabel demografi: jenjang pendidikan, jabatan struktural, asal perguruan tinggi, dan jumlah mahasiswa bimbingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas publikasi dosen meningkat seiring dengan jenjang jabatan akademik. Guru Besar mencatat jumlah publikasi terbanyak, diikuti oleh Lektor Kepala, Lektor, dan Asisten Ahli. Faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktivitas publikasi adalah asal perguruan tinggi (pendidikan terakhir), jenjang pendidikan, beban mengajar, jumlah mahasiswa bimbingan, jabatan struktural, kompetensi riset serta orientasi terhadap kualitas publikasi. Faktor yang berkontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan produktivitas, yaitu asal perguruan tinggi, jumlah mahasiswa bimbingan, jenjang pendidikan, kompetensi riset, dan orientasi terhadap kualitas. Di antara faktor-faktor tersebut, jumlah mahasiswa bimbingan memiliki pengaruh dominan karena mendorong kolaborasi dosen dan mahasiswa dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah. Sebaliknya, beban mengajar yang tinggi dan jabatan struktural merupakan faktor penghambat produktivitas publikasi dosen. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, rumusan strategi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas publikasi ilmiah dosen di PTN XYZ meliputi penguatan kapasitas riset melalui pelatihan penulisan artikel ilmiah; pengelolaan beban kerja yang lebih proporsional, perluasan program pascasarjana untuk mendorong kolaborasi riset dosen-mahasiswa, penguatan jejaring kolaborasi internasional, serta pemberian insentif berbasis kualitas publikasi. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dirumuskan beberapa strategi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas publikasi ilmiah dosen di PTN XYZ. Strategi tersebut meliputi penguatan kapasitas riset melalui pelatihan penulisan artikel ilmiah, pengelolaan beban kerja yang lebih proporsional, perluasan program pascasarjana untuk mendorong kolaborasi riset dosen-mahasiswa, penguatan jejaring kolaborasi internasional, serta pemberian insentif berbasis kualitas publikasi. Strategi ini diharapkan mampu mempercepat pencapaian target PTN XYZ menuju perguruan tinggi berkelas dunia.

The productivity of academic publications by lecturers was one of the main indicators of a university’s reputation and competitiveness at the national and international levels. In this context, higher education institutions were required to increase both the quantity and quality of scientific publications, particularly in internationally reputable journals. PTN XYZ, as a state-owned legal entity university, had targeted an increased contribution to global publications as part of its efforts to achieve World Class University status. However, lecturers’ publication productivity had continued to face various challenges originating from both individual and external factors.This study aimed to: (1) analyze the characteristics of lecturers’ publication productivity across different academic functional ranks; (2) examine the factors influencing lecturers’ publication productivity at PTN XYZ; and (3) formulate strategies to enhance lecturers’ scientific publication productivity in internationally reputable journals. This study employed a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were collected through a questionnaire distributed to lecturers across academic ranks, ranging from Assistant Lecturer to Professor, with a total population of 1,382 lecturers who had contributed to scientific publications. The sample was selected using simple random sampling, and the data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with institutional policymakers to formulate strategies for the development of scientific publications. The variables analyzed consisted of six main independent variables motivation, research competence, teaching workload, facilities, publication quality orientation, and academic functional rank as well as four demographic variables, namely educational level, structural position, origin of the highest degree-awarding institution, and number of supervised students. The results showed that lecturers’ publication productivity increased in line with higher academic ranks. Professors recorded the highest number of publications, followed by Associate Professors, Lecturers, and Assistant Lecturers. Factors that significantly influenced publication productivity included the origin of the highest degree-awarding institution, educational level, teaching workload, number of supervised students, structural position, research competence, and orientation toward publication quality. Factors that positively contributed to increased productivity were the origin of the degree-awarding institution, number of supervised students, educational level, research competence, and quality-oriented publication orientation. Among these factors, the number of supervised students had the most dominant influence, as it encouraged collaboration between lecturers and students in scientific article writing. Conversely, a high teaching workload and holding structural positions were identified as inhibiting factors for lecturers’ publication productivity. Based on these findings, several strategies were formulated to enhance lecturers’ scientific publication productivity at PTN XYZ. These strategies included strengthening research capacity through scientific writing training, managing workloads more proportionally, expanding postgraduate programs to promote lecturer–student research collaboration, strengthening international collaboration networks, and providing incentives based on publication quality. These strategies were expected to accelerate PTN XYZ’s progress toward achieving World Class University status.