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      Biofoam Berbahan Dasar Limbah Kulit Jagung dan Pati Sagu

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Dzakwan, Rahmat
      Ridwan, Wonny Ahmad
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      Abstract
      Indonesia merupakan penyumbang sampah plastik terbesar kedua di dunia, dengan tingkat pencemaran mencapai 19% berdasarkan data KLHK tahun 2023. Salah satu kontributor utama adalah styrofoam berbahan dasar polistirena, yang meskipun memiliki sifat mekanik yang baik, sulit terurai di lingkungan dan berisiko bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan biofoam ramah lingkungan berbahan dasar limbah kulit jagung dan pati sagu. Proses produksi dilakukan melalui metode thermopressing dengan variasi konsentrasi selulosa kulit jagung (3%) serta penambahan PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) untuk mengevaluasi pengaruhnya terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik biofoam. Kulit jagung diambil dari UMKM Pertanian yang terletak di Kabupaten Bogor, Kecamatan Cileungsi. Presentase pemanfaatan limbah kulit jagung yang berhasil dimanfaatkan sebesar 10%. Karakterisasi mencakup uji daya serap air, kuat tarik, kuat tekan, serta biodegradasi sesuai standar SNI, ASTM, dan EN 13432. Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada konsentrasi 3% selulosa, dengan daya serap air sebesar 11%, kuat tarik 0,0723 MPa, dan biodegradasi sebesar 19,23% dalam 12 hari. Secara ekonomi, biofoam memiliki harga pokok produksi sebesar Rp 3.358 per unit, sedangkan harga produk sejenis Rp. 500 per unitnya, namun biofoam memiliki manfaat dari aspek keberlanjutan yaitu ramah lingkungan
       
      Indonesia is the world's second-largest contributor to plastic waste, accounting for 19% of global pollution (KLHK, 2023). A significant source is polystyrene-based styrofoam, which, despite its favorable mechanical properties, is non-biodegradable and poses health risks. This study develops eco-friendly biofoam from corn husk waste and sago starch using the thermopressing method. A 3% corn husk cellulose concentration with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) addition was tested to assess physical and mechanical performance. Corn husks were obtained from agricultural SMEs in Cileungsi District, Bogor Regency, with a 10% utilization rate. Characterization included water absorption, tensile strength, compressive strength, and biodegradability following SNI, ASTM, and EN 13432 standards. The optimal formulation achieved 11% water absorption, 0.0723 MPa tensile strength, and 19.23% biodegradation within 12 days. Economically, cost of production biofoam Rp3,358 per unit compared to Rp500 for conventional products, but it offers significant environmental sustainability benefits.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170807
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      • UT - Environmental Engineering and Management [212]

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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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