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      Kelimpahan Mikrob Tanah pada Pertanaman Stroberi La Fresa Farm di Lembang, Bandung

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Maslamah, Putri
      Tondok, Efi Toding
      Wiyono, Suryo
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      Abstract
      Kesehatan tanah yang baik akan berdampak pada peningkatan produktivitas dan kualitas tanah, tanaman serta lingkungan. Salah satu komponen utama penentu status kesuburan dan kesehatan tanah adalah mikrob tanah. Mikrob tanah ada yang menguntungkan, ada yang merugikan, seperti patogen tumbuhan. Solarisasi tanah, yang bertujuan untuk mengendalikan patogen tular tanah, akan berpengaruh terhadap komunitas mikrob dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kelimpahan cendawan dan bakteri tanah sebelum dan setelah solarisasi berdasarkan karakter morfologi mikrob pada pertanaman stroberi. Isolasi mikrob tanah dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel tanah, kemudian dilakukan pengenceran berseri. Cendawan serta bakteri ditumbuhkan dalam media Martin agar (MA), Nutrient agar (NA), dan Phikovskaya’s agar. Identifikasi cendawan hasil isolasi dilakukan secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis, sedangkan identifikasi bakteri dilakukan dengan uji-uji karakter fisiologinya. Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Microsoft Excel. Populasi cendawan dengan perlakuan BIO 2 (setelah solarisasi dan pengaplikasian Trichoderma sp., Bacillus thuringiensis, Serratia marcescens, dan PGPR) memiliki jumlah yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan cendawan yang ditemukan adalah Aspergillus sp., Trichoderma sp., Gliocladium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Pseudotorula sp., Rhizopus sp., Verticillium sp., Penicillium sp., dan Geotrichum sp. Populasi bakteri dengan perlakuan BIO 1 (setelah solarisasi dan pengaplikasian Trichoderma sp., Bacillus thuringiensis, dan Serratia marcescens) memiliki jumlah yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Seluruh isolat bakteri termasuk ke dalam bakteri Gram positif. Tiga dari empat isolat bakteri dalam pengujian mempunyai kemampuan melarutkan fosfat. Satu isolat bakteri, B32 merupakan patogen bagi tumbuhan.
       
      Good soil health will lead to increased productivity and quality of soil, plants and the environment. One of the main components determining the status of soil fertility and health is soil microbes. Some soil microbes are beneficial, some are harmful, such as plant pathogens. Soil solarization, which aims to control soil-borne pathogens, will affect the microbial community in the soil. This study aims to identify the abundance of soil fungi and bacteria before and after solarization based on microbial morphological characters in strawberry plantations. Soil microbial isolation was carried out by taking soil samples, then serial dilutions were made. Fungi and bacteria were grown on Martin agar (MA), Nutrient agar (NA), and Phikovskaya’s agar media. Identification of isolated fungi was carried out macroscopically and microscopically, while identification of bacteria was carried out by testing their physiological characteristics. The data obtained were tabulated using Microsoft Excel software. The fungal population with BIO 2 treatment (after solarization and application of Trichoderma sp., Bacillus thuringiensis, Serratia marcescens, and PGPR) had a higher number than the other treatments. The identification results showed that the fungi found were Aspergillus sp., Trichoderma sp., Gliocladium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Pseudotorula sp., Rhizopus sp., Verticillium sp., Penicillium sp., and Geotrichum sp. The bacterial population with BIO 1 treatment (after solarization and application of Trichoderma sp., Bacillus thuringiensis, and Serratia marcescens) had a higher number than other treatments. All bacterial isolates are Gram-positive bacteria. Three of the four bacterial isolates in the test had the ability to dissolve phosphate. One bacterial isolate, B32 is a plant pathogen.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170767
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