Pengaruh Kadar Perekat Fenol Formaldehida terhadap Karakteristik Papan Komposit Bambu Betung Berlapis Alumunium Fosfat

Abstract

RYZA SATIVA. Pengaruh Kadar Perekat Fenol Formaldehida terhadap Karakteristik Papan Komposit Bambu Betung Berlapis Alumunium Fosfat. Dibimbing oleh NARESWORO NUGROHO dan MAHDI MUBAROK. Pemanfaatan bambu betung yang ketersediaannya melimpah di masyarakat sebagai bahan material komposit dapat menjadi solusi alternatif bagi produk berbasis kayu, khususnya dalam pembuatan papan flakes anti api. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kadar perekat fenol formaldehida serta perlakuan pelapisan alumunium fosfat (AlPO4) terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik papan flakes berbasis bambu. Karakterisasi dilakukan berdasarkan sifat fisik yang meliputi uji kerapatan, kadar air, daya serap air, pengembangan tebal, leaching, serta sifat mekanik seperti modulus kekakuan lentur (MOE), modulus keteguhan patah (MOR), kuat pegang sekrup, dan internal bonding sesuai standar SNI 03-2105-2006. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar perekat cenderung meningkatkan kekuatan dan stabilitas papan, namun pelapisan alumunium fosfat (AlPO4) meski efektif meningkatkan ketahanan api papan flakes dengan kategori V-0 menurut standar ASTM D3801, namun dapat menurunkan beberapa nilai parameter mekanik. Optimasi formulasi menghasilkan papan flakes yang memiliki karakteristik yang baik, ramah lingkungan, dan memiliki ketahanan api yang baik sangat potensial sebagai bahan panel, termasuk untuk keperluan konstruksi non-struktural seperti panel walling dan partisi interior.

RYZA SATIVA. The Effect of Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive Content on the Characteristic Betung Bamboo Composite Boards Coated by Alumunium Phosphate. Supervised by NARESWORO NUGROHO and MAHDI MUBAROK. The use of bamboo, which is widely available in the community, as a composite material can be an alternative solution to wood-based products, especially in the manufacture of fire-resistant flake boards. This study aims to analyze the effect of phenol formaldehyde adhesive content and aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) coating application on the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo-based flake boards. Characterization was conducted based on density tests, moisture content, water absorption, thickness expansion, leaching, and mechanical parameters such as flexural modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), screw holding strength, and internal bonding according to SNI 03-2105-2006 standards. The results of the study indicate that increasing the adhesive content tends to enhance the strength and stability of the boards. However, while aluminum phosphate (AlPO4) coating effectively improves the fire resistance of the flake boards to category V-0 according to ASTM D3801 standards, it may reduce some mechanical parameter values. Optimization produces flake boards with good characteristics, environmentally friendly, and good fire resistance, which are highly potential as panel materials, including for non-structural construction purposes such as wall panels and interior partitions.