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      Sebaran dan Karakteristik Koloni Lebah Hutan (Apis dorsata Fabricius) di Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat, Sukabumi

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      AZZAHRA, NABILAH PUTRI FATIMAH
      Rusniarsyah, Lufthi
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      Abstract
      Lebah madu hutan (Apis dorsata Fabricius) merupakan spesies lebah liar yang berperan penting sebagai penyerbuk dalam ekosistem dan memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi melalui produksi madunya. Hutan Pendidikan Gunung Walat (HPGW) di Sukabumi, dengan keanekaragaman vegetasi yang tinggi, menjadikan kawasan ini sebagai habitat alami A. dorsata. Namun, informasi mengenai sebaran dan karakteristik koloni di lokasi tersebut masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi sebaran dan karakteristik koloni A. dorsata. di HPGW melalui pendekatan eksplorasi lapangan, pengukuran parameter ekologis pohon persarangan, dan analisis spasial menggunakan perangkat lunak QGIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 30 koloni A. dorsata yang tersebar di kawasan HPGW, meliputi 12 sarang aktif dan 18 sarang tidak aktif, umumnya berada pada pohon setinggi 11-44 m, berdiameter 45-59 cm, sudut percabangan 41°-60°, dengan ketinggian sarang =20 m dari permukaan tanah, serta berjarak dekat dari sumber air (0,18-208,40 m). Jenis pohon sarang yang ditemukan meliputi Maesopsis eminii, Agathis loranthifolia, Pinus merkusii, Pinus oocarpa, Schima wallichii, dan Swietenia macrophylla. Keberadaan koloni turut dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar strategi konservasi, serta pengembangan budidaya lebah hutan secara berkelanjutan di kawasan HPGW.
       
      The giant honey bee (Apis dorsata Fabricius) is a wild bee species that plays a crucial role as a pollinator within ecosystems and holds high economic value through honey production. The Gunung Walat Educational Forest (HPGW) in Sukabumi, with its high vegetation diversity, serves as a natural habitat for A. dorsata. However, information regarding the distribution and characteristics of colonies in this area remains limited. This study aims to identify the distribution and characteristics of A. dorsata colonies in HPGW through field exploration, measurement of ecological parameters of nesting trees, and spatial analysis using QGIS software. The results show that there are 30 colonies of A. dorsata in HPGW, comprising 12 active nests and 18 inactive nests, typically found on trees 11-44 m tall, with trunk diameters of 45-59 cm, branch angles of 41°-60°, nest heights =20 m above ground level, and located close to water sources (0.18–208.40 m). Nesting tree species include Maesopsis eminii, Agathis loranthifolia, Pinus merkusii, Pinus oocarpa, Schima wallichii, and Swietenia macrophylla. Colony presence is also influenced by surrounding environmental factors. This research is expected to provide a basis for conservation strategies and the sustainable development of forest honey bee management in the HPGW area.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/170344
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      • UT - Silviculture [1441]

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