Penerapan Aturan Arborikultur 3-30-300 di Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Bogor

Abstract

Peningkatan penduduk dan pembangunan di Kota Bogor mengurangi luas Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) dan menurunkan kualitas lingkungan. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi penerapan aturan arborikultur 3-30-300, yaitu terlihat 3 pohon di sekitaran rumah, 30% tutupan kanopi di, dan akses RTH terhadap area pemukiman dalam 300 meter. Analisis dilakukan dengan citra satelit NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) dan RBI (Rupa Bumi Indonesia) menggunakan ArcGIS, serta pemeriksaan kesehatan pohon melalui Visual Tree Assessment (VTA). Hasilnya, komponen 3 dan 30 umumnya tercapai di Bogor Selatan, Barat, dan Tengah kecuali komponen 3 pada Kecamatan Bogor Tengah, namun komponen 300 belum merata karena distribusi RTH yang kurang optimal. Sebanyak 81% sampel pohon memerlukan pemeliharaan untuk mengurangi risiko kegagalan. Aturan ini berpotensi menjadi strategi efektif menuju perencanaan kota hijau berkelanjutan.

Population growth and development in Bogor City have reduced the area of Green Open Space (GOS) and decreased environmental quality. This study evaluated the implementation of the 3-30-300 arboriculture rule, which requires 3 trees around the house, 30% canopy cover, and GOS access within 300 meters. Analysis was conducted using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) and RBI (Rupa Bumi Indonesia) satellite imagery using ArcGIS, as well as tree health checks through Visual Tree Assessment (VTA). The results showed that components 3 and 30 were generally achieved in South, West, and Central Bogor, except for component 3 in Central Bogor District, but component 300 was not evenly distributed due to less than optimal GOS distribution. As many as 81% of tree samples required maintenance to reduce the risk of failure. This rule has the potential to be an effective strategy towards sustainable green city planning.