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      Pemodelan Wilayah Genangan Akibat Perubahan Muka Laut Relatif dan Penurunan Tanah (Studi Kasus: Pesisir Pekalongan)

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      Senis, Amanda Marchelyana
      Dasanto, Bambang Dwi
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      Abstract
      Wilayah pesisir Pekalongan rentan mengalami bencana penggenangan akibat kenaikan muka laut relatif imbas perubahan iklim dan penurunan muka tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan prediksi wilayah genangan banjir permanen maupun periodik serta tinggi dan luas wilayah terdampak penggenangan dalam skenario perubahan iklim di wilayah Pesisir Pekalongan. Pemodelan geospasial dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor kenaikan muka laut, penurunan muka tanah hasil perhitungan metode DInSAR terhadap citra Sentinel-1A, dan analisis pasang surut. Proyeksi dijalankan pada skenario emisi SSP2-4.5 dan SSP5-8.5 dengan perhitungan laju penurunan muka tanah tahun 2018–2024. Hasil proyeksi menunjukkan bahwa penggenangan rentan mempengaruhi wilayah pesisir Pekalongan, utamanya wilayah Wonokerto dan Siwalan, serta menggenangi wilayah tambak, pemukiman, hingga sawah yang berkontribusi signifikan terhadap perekonomian masyarakat lokal. Luas genangan permanen dan periodik diproyeksikan terus meningkat hingga mencapai lebih dari 6000 ha pada tahun 2050 pada skenario terburuk. Faktor penurunan muka tanah memperbesar dampak bencana penggenangan, dengan wilayah yang paling terdampak dominan berlokasi di pesisir. Temuan ini menyoroti kebutuhan mendesak akan kebijakan pengelolaan pesisir yang adaptif dan berbasis risiko untuk upaya mitigasi kerugian sosial-ekonomi di masa depan dan meningkatkan ketahanan masyarakat.
       
      Pekalongan coastal area is highly vulnerable to inundation due to relative sea level rise (RSLR) caused by climate change and land subsidence. This study aims to predict the extent of permanent and periodic flood inundation, as well as the height and area affected by inundation under climate change scenarios in Pekalongan coastal area. Geospatial modeling was conducted by integrating global and regional sea level rise projections, land subsidence rates derived from Sentinel-1A SAR imagery using the DInSAR method, and tidal analysis. The analysis incorporated emission scenarios SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, with land subsidence rates calculated from 2018–2024 and elevation data corrected accordingly. Results indicate that both permanent and periodic inundation areas in Pekalongan are projected to increase significantly, especially in Wonokerto and Siwalan, submerging aquaculture ponds, residential areas, and rice fields. By 2050, the inundated area could exceed 6,000 hectares under the worst-case scenario. Land subsidence amplifies the impact, with the most affected areas located near the coast. These findings highlight the urgent need for adaptive and risk-informed coastal management policies to mitigate future socio-economic losses and enhance community resilience.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/169379
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      • UT - Geophysics and Meteorology [1717]

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