Potensi Serangan Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.) Berdasarkan Kondisi Iklim di Kabupaten Cianjur

Abstract

Serangan hama Penggerek Buah Kopi (PBKo) sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi iklim di Kabupaten Cianjur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis potensi serangan hama PBKo di Kabupaten Cianjur periode tahun 2015-2024 dengan menggunakan data meteorologi (curah hujan, suhu udara, kelembapan udara) dan Kumulatif Luas Tambah Serangan (KLTS). Model CLIMEX memproyeksikan potensi serangan hama PBKo terhadap kondisi iklim dengan rentang nilai 0-100. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi iklim di Kabupaten Cianjur nyaman untuk pertumbuhan hama PBKo dengan nilai Indeks Ekoklimatik (EI) sebesar 37-38 (compare years) dan 44 (compare location). Fluktuasi pola serangan hama PBKo diperparah oleh faktor biotik dan teknik budidaya tanaman kopi sehingga terjadi perubahan mikroklimat di bawah tajuk kopi. Hal tersebut menyebabkan KLTS hama PBKo tetap meningkat walaupun kondisi iklim kurang ideal. Oleh karena itu, kebun kopi di Kabupaten Cianjur sangat berpotensi terserang hama PBKo yang berlangsung secara terus-menerus sepanjang tahun.

The coffee berry borer (CBB) pest attack is strongly influenced by climatic conditions in Cianjur Regency. This study aims to analyze the potential for CBB pest attacks in Cianjur Regency for the period 2015-2024 using meteorological data (rainfall, air temperature, air humidity) and Cumulative Area Infested (CAI). The CLIMEX model projects the potential for CBB pest attacks against climatic conditions with a value range of 0-100. The results show that climatic conditions in Cianjur Regency are comfortable for CBB pest growth with Ecoclimatic Index (EI) values of 37-38 (compare years) and 44 (compare location). Fluctuations in CBB pest attack patterns are exacerbated by biotic factors and coffee cultivation techniques resulting in microclimate changes under the coffee canopy. This causes the CAI of CBB pests to continue to increase even though climatic conditions are less than ideal. Therefore, coffee plantations in Cianjur Regency are highly susceptible to CBB pest attacks that occur continuously throughout the year.