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      Aplikasi Pupuk Hayati Mikoriza dan Pupuk P pada Tanaman Bawang Daun di Andosol Wonoboyo, Temanggung.

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      Date
      2025
      Author
      SYIFA, SAYYIDATUL ALFI
      Hazra, Fahrizal
      Fitriyani, Indri Hapsari
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      Abstract
      Bawang daun (Allium fistulosum L.) merupakan komoditas bernilai ekonomi tinggi yang memiliki potensi ekspor terutama ke pasar Asia Timur. Di Indonesia tanaman ini umumnya dibudidayakan di dataran tinggi, terutama pada jenis tanah andosol. Namun, budidayanya pada tanah andosol menghadapi tantangan berupa rendahnya ketersediaan fosfor akibat fiksasi oleh mineral tanah dan sistem perakaran tanaman yang dangkal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aplikasi pupuk hayati mikoriza dan pupuk P terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif dan generatif bawang daun, sifat kimia tanah, serapan hara tanaman, infeksi akar, serta identifikasi jenis dan jumlah spora mikoriza. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan RAK faktorial dua faktor: mikoriza (0 dan 500 kg/ha) dan pupuk P (0 dan 200 kg/ha). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman pada 12 dan 13 MST berbeda nyata antar perlakuan, di mana perlakuan mikoriza tanpa pupuk P (M1P0) menghasilkan tinggi tanaman secara signifikan lebih tinggi dibanding kontrol dan kombinasi M1P1. Parameter pH dan KTK tanah juga berbeda nyata antar perlakuan, dengan kontrol menunjukkan nilai tertinggi dan M1P1 terendah. Selain itu, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada serapan hara NPK tanaman di setiap perlakuannya. Perlakuan M1P0 memberikan respon terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan produktivitas tanaman, serta menghasilkan jumlah spora mikoriza dan tingkat infeksi akar tertinggi dengan genus spora dominan adalah Glomus.
       
      Scallion (Allium fistulosum L.) is a high value horticultural commodity with export potential, particularly to East Asian markets. In Indonesia, it is commonly cultivated in highland areas, especially on andosol soils. However, cultivation on andosols faces challenges due to low phosphorus availability caused by fixation by soil minerals and the plant’s shallow roots. This study aimed to evaluate the application of mycorrhizal biofertilizer and P fertilizer on the vegetative and generative growth of scallion, soil chemical properties, nutrient uptake, root infection, and the identification of mycorrhizal spore types and counts. The experiment was arranged in a factorial randomized block design with two factors: mycorrhiza (0 and 500 kg/ha) and P fertilizer (0 and 200 kg/ha). The results showed that plant height at 12 and 13 weeks after planting differed significantly among treatments, with the sole mycorrhiza treatment (M1P0) producing taller plants than the control and M1P1. Soil pH and cation exchange capacity also differed significantly, with the control having the highest values and M1P1 the lowest. There were no significant differences in NPK uptake across treatments. M1P0 provided the best results in plant growth and productivity, with the highest spore count and root colonization by mycorrhiza, with Glomus as the dominant genus.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/164061
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      • UT - Soil Science and Land Resources [2822]

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