Perempuan Indonesia dalam Konservasi: Tinjauan Sistematis Peran, Motivasi, Tantangan, dan Kesempatan Partisipasi Praktisi Perempuan

Abstract

Kontribusi perempuan terhadap upaya konservasi sudah mendapatkan pengakuan global, namun pengakuan atas kontribusi mereka di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik tinjauan sistematis untuk menyelidiki partisipasi praktisi perempuan Indonesia dalam konservasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengkategorikan pustaka tentang praktisi konservasi perempuan dan memahami pola partisipasi mereka di Indonesia, (2) Mengidentifikasi peran, motivasi, tantangan, dan kesempatan praktisi perempuan di Indonesia, dan (3) Mengidentifikasi realita praktisi perempuan di konservasi. Sebanyak 44 jurnal direview dan ditemukan bahwa pengalaman perempuan dipengaruhi oleh norma sosial, struktur sosial, dan kesenjangan etnis. Peran produktif perempuan menunjukkan keragaman akibat kondisi budaya dan geografis, sehingga membentuk partisipasi di lingkungan perdesaan, perkotaan, dan adat. Motivasi perempuan dipengaruhi oleh ketergantungan mereka pada sumber daya alam dan komitmen terhadap keberlanjutan dan ditemukan kendala seperti prasangka gender dan kesenjangan dalam akses dan kontrol. Peningkatan kolaborasi antar sektor dan penerapan kebijakan berdasarkan kondisi lokal diperlukan untuk memfasilitasi kesetaraan gender untuk mencapai tujuan konservasi berkelanjutan.

Women's contribution to conservation efforts is gaining global recognition, but the recognition of their contributions in Indonesia remains limited. This study used a systematic review technique to investigate the involvement of Indonesian women practitioners in conservation. The research aims to: (1) Classify literature on women conservation practitioners and analyse their patterns of participation in Indonesia, (2) Identify Indonesian women conservationists' roles, motivations, challenges, and opportunities, and (3) Identify the reality for Indonesian women as practitioners. As many as 44 journals were reviewed. The findings revealed societal norms, social structures, and ethnic disparities shape the range of women's experiences. Women's productive roles varied based on cultural and geographical circumstances, influencing their involvement in rural, urban, and indigenous environments. Women’s motivations were affected by their reliance on natural resources and commitment to sustainability, but they encountered obstacles such as societal standards, gender prejudice, and discrepancies in access and control. The promotion of collaboration across different sectors and implementation of policy changes specifically designed for local circumstances are needed to facilitate gender equality to reach sustainable conservation goals.