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      Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman Stroberi dengan Sistem Biointensif di La Fresa Farm, Kabupaten Bandung

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Jusup, Rangga Ibrahim
      Istiaji, Bonjok
      Tondok, Efi Toding
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      Abstract
      Pengendalian hama dan penyakit stroberi (Fragaria X ananassa) yang umum dilakukan adalah dengan penyemprotan pestisida yang dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan. Hal ini mendorong pengembangan produksi stroberi yang ramah lingkungan dengan sistem biointensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisasi hama dan penyakit serta mengetahui pengaruh sistem biointensif terhadap hama, penyakit dan produksi stroberi. Pengamatan dilakukan setiap minggu sebanyak tujuh kali dengan menginventarisasi jenis dan populasi hama serta intensitas penyakit pada tiga lahan dengan metode penanaman berbeda, yaitu rak, bedengan, dan polybag. Pengujian biointensif dilaksanakan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga perlakuan kombinasi mikroba dan solarisasi serta perlakuan pestisida kimia dan kontrol. Mikroba agens hayati yang digunakan adalah Bacillus polymixa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizobium sp., Lecanicillium sp., Bacillus thuringiensis, Serratia marcescens dan Trichoderma hamatum. Tungau, thrips, dan ulat grayak ditemukan dengan populasi masing-masing 0,31-1,74 ekor/tanaman, 0,08-0,51 ekor/tanaman, dan 0,08-1,63 ekor/tanaman. Penyakit yang dominan ditemukan adalah bercak daun (Neopestalotiopsis sp.) dengan insidensi 41-100% dan severitas 10,25-38%. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa solarisasi tanah dapat meningkatkan suhu tanah hingga 58,50 oC. Sistem biointensif dapat menekan severitas penyakit bercak daun dan ulat grayak serta meningkatkan produksi lebih baik dibandingkan kontrol. Produksi tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan BIO 2 dan BIO 3 sebesar 37,14 dan 36,96 g/tanaman.
       
      Strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa) pests and diseases control are commonly carried out by spraying pesticides that can cause negative impacts on the environment. This encourages the development of environmentally friendly strawberry production with a biointensive system. This study aims to inventory pests and diseases and to determine the influence of biointensive systems on pests, diseases and strawberry production. Observations were carried out seven times a week by inventorying the types, populations of pests and disease intensity in three fields with different planting methods, namely racks, beds and polybags. The biointensive test was carried out using a randomized block design with three treatments combining microbes and solarization as well as chemical pesticide treatments and control. The biocontrol microbes used include Bacillus polymixa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Rhizobium sp., Lecanicillium sp., Bacillus thuringiensis, Serratia marcescens and Trichoderma hamatum. Mites, thrips, and armyworms were found with populations of 0,31-1,74 individuals/plant, 0,08-0,51 individuals/plant and 0,08-1,63 individuals/plant, respectively. The dominant disease found was leaf spot (Neopestalotiopsis sp.) with an incidence of 41-100% and a severity of 10,25-38%. The test results showed that soil solarization can increase soil temperature up to 58,50 oC. The biointensive system can suppress the severity of leaf spot and armyworm and increase production better than control. The highest production was found at BIO 2 and BIO 3 treatments of 37,14 and 36,96 g/plant.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/157017
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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