Sistem Monitoring Kelembapan Tanah dan Unsur Hara NPK Berbasis Iot dengan Analisis Regresi Linear Berganda pada Tanaman Pakcoy

Abstract

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan alat sistem monitoring pengukur kadar unsur hara Nitrogen (N), Fosfor (P), Kalium (K), dan kelembapan pada tanah. Ketersediaan unsur hara tanah sangat diperlukan sebagaimana dasar dari pengelolaan lahan, serta nilai dari kelembapan tanah. Jika status unsur hara N, P, K, dan kelembaban tanah dapat diketahui nilainya, diharapkan dapat mengurangi dampak dosis berlebih pemberian pupuk pada lahan dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Alat ini menggunakan ESP-32, LCD I2C 20x4, module RS-485, kabel jumper, sensor NPK tanah, sensor capacitative soil moisture, step down DC to DC, batterai, dan software blynk. Tahapan penelitian meliputi perancangan hardware, kalibrasi, uji sensor, dan analisis data pertumbuhan tanaman. Pengujian dilakukan dengan 3 sampel pada pupuk sekam ayam, Hasil pengujian alat menunjukkan kemampuan alat mendeteksi kadar unsur hara NPK bisa mendeteksi unsur hara yang ada pada pupuk ayam dan sensor kelembaban tanah dapat mendeteksi dengan baik. Setelah semua tahapan selesai akan dilakukan analisis data untuk mengetahui adanya korelasi atau pengaruh nilai pembacaan sensor terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman.

In this research, a monitoring system tool was designed to measure levels of the nutrient elements Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), and moisture in the soil. The availability of soil nutrients is very necessary as the basis for land management, as well as the value of soil moisture. If the status of the nutrients N, P, K and soil moisture can be known, it is hoped that it can reduce the impact of excessive doses of fertilizer on land and plant growth. This tool uses an ESP-32, I2C 20x4 LCD, RS-485 module, jumper cables, soil NPK sensor, capacitative soil moisture sensor, DC to DC step down, battery, and blynk software. The research stages include hardware design, calibration, sensor testing, and plant growth data analysis. The test was carried out with 3 samples of chicken husk fertilizer. The results of the tool testing showed that the tool's ability to detect NPK nutrient levels could detect the nutrients in chicken fertilizer and the soil moisture sensor could detect it well. After all stages are completed, data analysis will be carried out to determine whether there is a correlation or influence of sensor reading values on plant growth.