Pengendalian Hama Ulat Grayak Pada Bibit Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabica L.) dengan Ekstra Daun Pepaya di PT. Sulotco Jaya Abadi Tana Toraja Sulawesi Selatan

Abstract

Kopi Arabika organik menghadapi tantangan serius dari hama ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura), terutama pada fase pembibitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) sebagai biopestisida alami untuk mengendalikan hama tersebut pada bibit kopi Arabika. Studi dilakukan di PT. Sulotco Jaya Abadi, Tana Toraja, menggunakan 320 bibit kopi Arabika berumur 3 bulan. Dua dosis ekstrak daun pepaya diaplikasikan: 20 ml/L (P2) dan 30 ml/L (P1). Intensitas serangan diamati sebelum aplikasi dan pada 3, 6, 9 hari setelah aplikasi (HSA). Hasil menunjukkan 35,9% bibit terserang ulat grayak dengan gejala daun merekat dan robek. Meskipun uji statistik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan, konsentrasi 30 ml/L mampu menekan intensitas serangan sebesar 32,5% dibandingkan konsentrasi 20 ml/L. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun pepaya berpotensi sebagai alternatif pengendalian hama ramah lingkungan pada bibit kopi Arabika, dengan dosis 30 ml/L lebih efektif. Disarankan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pada tanaman dewasa, potensi penggunaan pada tanaman lain, serta analisis ekonomi untuk implementasi skala besar.

Organic Arabica coffee faces serious challenges from armyworm pests (Spodoptera litura), especially in the seedling phase. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of papaya leaf extract (Carica papaya L.) as a natural biopesticide to control these pests on Arabica coffee seedlings. The study was conducted at PT. Sulotco Jaya Abadi, Tana Toraja, uses 320 3 month old Arabica coffee seedlings. Two doses of papaya leaf extract were applied: 20 ml/L (P2) and 30 ml/L (P1). Attack intensity was observed before application and at 3, 6, 9 days after application (HSA). The results showed that 35.9% of the seedlings were attacked by armyworms with symptoms of sticking and tearing leaves. Although statistical tests did not show significant differences, a concentration of 30 ml/L was able to reduce the intensity of attacks by 32.5% compared to a concentration of 20 ml/L. This research concludes that papaya leaf extract has the potential to be an environmentally friendly alternative for controlling pests on Arabica coffee seedlings, with a dose of 30 ml/L being more effective. Further research is recommended to evaluate effectiveness on mature plants, potential use on other plants, as well as economic analysis for large-scale implementation.