Analisis Kualitas dan Rendemen Crude Palm Oil (CPO) pada Beberapa Varietas dan Mutu Tandan Buah Segar di PT Bersama Sejahtera Sakti

Abstract

Meningkatnya permintaan pasar terhadap Crude Palm Oil (CPO) di Indonesia, berdampak pada tingginya tuntutan terhadap kualitas dan kuantitas produk yang dihasilkan. Kualitas CPO ditentukan oleh kandungan asam lemak bebas (ALB), kadar air, dan juga kotoran yang terbawa dari hasil pengelolaan di Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) di Pabrik Kelapa Sawit (PKS). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kualitas dan rendemen Crude Palm Oil (CPO) pada beberapa varietas kelapa sawit dan mutu TBS. Analisis hasil penelitian untuk menentukan kualitas TBS menggunakan sistem manual (titrasi asam basah) dan juga NIRS (near infrared spectroscopy), sedangkan analisis rendemen kelapa sawit pada beberapa varietas menggunkan metode mass balance. Varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat TBS, berat brondolan, mesocarp, mesocarp kering, nut, nut kering, kernel, cangkang, dan juga minyak. Varietas Lonsum memiliki berat TBS, berat brondolan, nut basah dan kering, kernel, dan cangkang paling tinggi dibandingkan varietas Dami, Marihat, dan Socfindo. Persentase OB tertinggi ada pada varietas Socfindo yaitu 31%, kemudian varietas Dami 28%, Lonsum 26%, dan Marihat 25 %. Kandungan FFA yang di dapat pada TBS restan mengalami kenaikan di setiap harinya, rata-rata kenaikan FFA pada TBS restan setiap harinya yaitu sekitar 0,63%.

The increasing market demand for Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in Indonesia has resulted in high demands on the quality and quantity of the products produced. The quality of CPO is determined by the free fatty acid (ALB) content, water content, and also dirt carried by the results of management in Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB) at the Palm Oil Mill (PKS). This research aims to study the quality and yield of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) in several oil palm varieties and the quality of FFB. Analysis of research results to determine the quality of FFB uses a manual system (wet acid titration) and also NIRS (near infrared spectroscopy), while analysis of palm oil yields for several varieties uses the mass balance method. Variety has a significant effect on the weight of FFB, the weight of brondolan, mesocarp, dry mesocarp, nuts, dry nuts, kernels, shells, and also oil. The Lonsum variety has the highest FFB weight, brondolan weight, wet and dry nuts, kernels and shells compared to the Dami, Marihat and Socfindo varieties. The highest OB percentage was in the Socfindo variety, namely 31%, then the Dami variety 28%, Lonsum 26%, and Marihat 25%. The FFA content obtained in restan FFB increases every day, the average increase in FFA in restan FFB every day is around 0.63%.