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      Analisis Hubungan antara Ukuran Populasi Orangutan Kalimantan (Pongo pygmaeus) dengan Perubahan Tutupan Lahan di Kalimantan Barat

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Parida, Ida
      Santosa, Yanto
      Jaya, I Nengah Surati
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      Abstract
      Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus Linnaeus 1760) merupakan spesies kritis dalam Daftar Merah IUCN dan diklasifikasikan dalam Apendiks 1 CITES. Populasinya menurun yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh hilangnya habitat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dinamika ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan dan menganalisis hubungan antara ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan dan perubahan tutupan lahan. Data ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan dari tahun 2014 sampai 2019 di empat lokasi (yaitu Belaban, Bukit Semujan Semangit Menyukung Melingkung, DAS Embaloh Sibau, dan Sungai Putri) diperoleh dari Taman Nasional Bukit Baka Bukit Raya, Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun, Taman Nasional Danau Sentarum, dan Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Kalimantan Barat. Data tutupan lahan diperoleh dari Direktorat Jenderal Planologi Kehutanan dan Tata Lingkungan, Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif, analisis tutupan lahan, dan analisis regresi linier berganda untuk menguji hubungan antara ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan dengan delapan variabel, yaitu tutupan hutan, tutupan semak belukar, tutupan pertanian, tutupan lahan terbuka, badan air, kerapatan jalan, kerapatan sungai, dan kerapatan permukiman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan di lokasi Bukit Semujan Semangit Menyukung Melingkung dan Sungai Putri cenderung meningkat. Sebaliknya, ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan di Belaban dan DAS Embaloh Sibau cenderung berfluktuasi. Tutupan lahan di lokasi Belaban, Bukit Semujan Semangit Menyukung Melingkung dan Sungai Putri cenderung berfluktuasi, sedangkan di DAS Embaloh Sibau cenderung stabil. Ukuran populasi orangutan kalimantan memiliki hubungan dengan perubahan luas tutupan hutan dan semak belukar.
       
      Orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus Linnaeus 1760) are critically endangered species under IUCN Red List and classified in Appendix 1 of CITES. Their population is declining which is largely caused by habitat loss. This study aims to identify the dynamics of Bornean orangutan population size and analyze the relationship between bornean orangutan population size and land cover change. Bornean orangutan population size are data from 2014 to 2019 at four locations (i.e. Belaban, Bukit Semujan Semangit Menyukung Melingkung, Embaloh Sibau watershed and Sungai Putri) were obtained from Bukit Baka Bukit Raya National Park, Betung Kerihun National Park, Danau Sentarum National Park, and West Kalimantan Natural Resources Conservation Agency. Land cover data were obtained from the Directorate General of Forestry and Environmental Planning of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics, land cover analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis to test the relationship between the Bornean orangutan population size and eight variables, namely forest cover, shrubs, agriculture cover, open land, water body, road density, river density, and settlement density. The results showed that the Bornean orangutan population size in the Bukit Semujan Semangit Menyukung Melingkung and Sungai Putri locations tended to increase. On the other hand, Bornean Orangutan population size in the Belaban and Embaloh Sibau watersheds tended to fluctuate. The land cover in the Belaban, Bukit Semujan Semangit Menyukung Melingkung, and Sungai Putri tended to fluctuate, while that in the Embaloh Sibau watershed was steady. The population size of Bornean orangutans is related to forest and shrub cover change.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/154245
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      Indonesia DSpace Group 
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