Kelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Arthropoda Permukaan Tanah di Lahan Revegetasi PT. Bukit Asam, Sumatera Selatan

Abstract

Arthropoda permukaan tanah adalah salah satu hewan penting dalam komunitas terestrial lahan pasca tambang. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman arthropoda permukaan tanah pada lahan revegetasi di PT Bukit Asam. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pitfall trap pada lahan revegetasi angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), merbau (Intsia palembanica), sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum) berumur 8 tahun serta hutan sekunder sebagai ekosistem kontrol, dilanjutkan dengan pengukuran kondisi lingkungan, identifikasi arthropoda, dan analisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan sebanyak 17 ordo 51 famili 118 morfospesies dengan total 4.802 individu. Lahan revegetasi angsana memiliki nilai kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman arthropoda permukaan tanah tertinggi dengan indeks keanekaragaman jenis (H’) 2,782. Sementara hutan sekunder memiliki nilai kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman jenis terendah dengan indeks (H’) 1,959. Kelimpahan arthropoda permukaan tanah didominasi oleh Ordo Hymenoptera. Adapun ordo yang paling sedikit dijumpai adalah Thysanoptera. Faktor lingkungan memiliki korelasi terhadap kelimpahan arthropoda permukaan tanah.

Land surface arthropods are one of the most important animals in the terrestrial community of post-mining land. The study aimed to analyze the abundance and diversity of soil surface arthropods on revegetation land at PT Bukit Asam. Data collection methods were carried out with pitfall traps on 8-year-old angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), merbau (Intsia palembanica), sengon buto (Enterolobium cyclocarpum) revegetation land and secondary forest as a control ecosystem, followed by measurement of environmental conditions, arthropod identification, and data analysis. The results showed that there were 17 orders 51 families 118 morphospecies with a total of 4.802 individuals. The angsana revegetation land had the highest abundance and diversity of ground surface arthropods with a species diversity index (H') of 2,782. Meanwhile, secondary forest has the lowest abundance and diversity of species with an index (H') of 1,959. The abundance of soil surface arthropods is dominated by Hymenoptera Order. The least common orders were Thysanoptera. Environmental factors have a correlation with the abundance of arthropods.