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      Inventarisasi Hama dan Penyakit pada Pembibitan Tanaman Eucalyptus di Sentra Pembibitan 2 PT RAPP, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau

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      Date
      2024
      Author
      Azarine, Shofi Olga
      Kurniawati, Fitrianingrum
      Kusumah, R. Yayi Munara
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      Abstract
      Perkembangan industri pulp dan kertas di Indonesia terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun sehingga perlu adanya teknologi dan bahan baku yang cukup serta memadai. Bahan baku yang umumnya digunakan berupa jenis kayu hardwood yang telah dipersiapkan di area Hutan Tanaman Industri (HTI). Tanaman Eucalyptus sp. merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman prioritas yang dikembangkan dalam pengelolaan HTI yang diperuntukkan sebagai kayu serat. Salah satu masalah yang dapat mengganggu pertumbuhan tanaman dan mengakibatkan kerugian adalah serangan dari organisme pengganggu tanaman (OPT). Dalam beberapa kasus, serangan penyakit pada tanaman dapat mengakibatkan terhambatnya pertumbuhan tanaman, menurunnya kualitas kayu, bahkan kematian tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui jenis-jenis hama dan penyakit, serta budi daya tanaman Eucalyptus dari sampel bibit bergejala yang diambil dengan metode purposive sampling di Sentra Pembibitan 2 PT RAPP, Kecamatan Pangkalan Kerinci, Kabupaten Pelalawan, Riau. Identifikasi patogen dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil pengamatan gejala serta tanda di lapangan dan laboratorium dengan literatur. Inventarisasi hama dilakukan dengan studi literatur berdasarkan data hama ditemukan yang telah tersedia. Penyakit yang menyerang bibit Eucalyptus adalah bercak daun Quambalaria, bercak daun dan batang Cylindrocladium, bercak daun Kirramyces, layu pucuk dan daun Rhizoctonia, dan hawar daun Xanthomonas. Hama yang ditemukan menyerang bibit tanaman Eucalyptus, yaitu ulat penggulung daun (Strepsicrates macroptena), tungau, kutu kebul (eucalyptus whitefly), thrips (Thrips autralis), wereng, kutu daun, dan Helopeltis theivora.
       
      The development of the pulp and paper industry in Indonesia continues to increase from year to year, which requires adequate technology and raw materials. Raw materials that are generally used are hardwood species that have been prepared in the Industrial Plantation Forest (HTI) area. Eucalyptus sp. is one of the priority plant species developed in HTI management which is intended as fiber wood. One of the problems that can interfere with plant growth and cause losses is the attack of plant pest organisms (OPT). In some cases, disease attacks on plants can result in inhibition of plant growth, decreased wood quality, and even plant death. This study aims to determine the types of pests and diseases, as well as the cultivation of Eucalyptus from symptomatic seedling samples taken by purposive sampling method at PT RAPP Nursery Center 2, Pangkalan Kerinci District, Pelalawan Regency, Riau. Pathogen identification was carried out by comparing observations of symptoms and signs in the field and laboratory with the literature. Pest inventory was conducted by literature study based on available pest data. Diseases that attack Eucalyptus seedlings are Quambalaria leaf spot, Cylindrocladium leaf and stem spot, Kirramyces leaf spot, Rhizoctonia shoot and leaf wilt, and Xanthomonas leaf blight. Pests found attacking Eucalyptus seedlings were leafroll caterpillars (Strepsicrates macroptena), mites, whitefly (eucalyptus whitefly), thrips (Thrips autralis), leafhoppers, aphids, and Helopeltis theivora.
       
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      http://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/152811
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